Sleep
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Evaluation of sham-CPAP as a placebo in CPAP intervention studies.
To evaluate the use of sham-continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment as a placebo intervention. ⋯ This paper was a secondary analysis of clinical trial data. CATNAP: CPAP Apnea Trial North American Program, the trial from which the data were obtained, is registered with clinicaltrial.gov. Registration #NCT00089752.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the effect of eszopiclone 2 mg on sleep/wake function in older adults with primary and comorbid insomnia.
Longer-term pharmacologic studies for insomnia in older individuals are sparse. ⋯ A Long-Term Safety and Efficacy Study of Eszopiclone in Elderly Subjects With Primary Chronic Insomnia; Registration #NCT00386334; URL - http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00386334?term=eszopiclone&rank=24
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Randomized controlled trial of variable-pressure versus fixed-pressure continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment for patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).
To determine whether fixed-pressure or variable-pressure CPAP was preferred by patients and gave better outcomes in patients with the obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). ⋯ Variable-pressure versus fixed-pressure continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment for patients with obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS); Registration # ISRCTN43085025.http://www.controlled-trials.com//SRCTN43085025.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Age-related reduction in daytime sleep propensity and nocturnal slow wave sleep.
To investigate whether age-related and experimental reductions in SWS and sleep continuity are associated with increased daytime sleep propensity. ⋯ Healthy aging is associated with a reduction in daytime sleep propensity, sleep continuity, and SWS. In contrast, experimental disruption of SWS leads to an increase in daytime sleep propensity. The age-related decline in SWS and reduction in daytime sleep propensity may reflect a lessening in homeostatic sleep requirement. Healthy older adults without sleep disorders can expect to be less sleepy during the daytime than young adults.
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Severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), metabolic syndrome (Mets) and short sleep duration are all risk factors for cardiovascular events. There has been no report which has investigated this relationship in an age- and BMI-matched population-based study. The prevalence of OSA in Mets subjects has not been established, although the converse (i.e., the prevalence of Mets in OSA subjects) has been investigated several times. ⋯ Although increased BMI and age both had a significant effect on the prevalence of OSA in patients with Mets, one of 6 subjects with Mets, but only one of 40 without Mets had severe OSA in an urban male population in Japan. Physicians should take into account this high prevalence of severe OSA in patients with Mets. Sleep duration should be taken into consideration as an important factor in studies investigating the prevalence of severe OSA and Mets.