Sleep
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Reboxetine and hyoscine butylbromide improve upper airway function during nonrapid eye movement and suppress rapid eye movement sleep in healthy individuals.
Recent findings indicate that noradrenergic and antimuscarinic processes are crucial for sleep-related reductions in pharyngeal muscle activity. However, there are few human studies. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine if a combined noradrenergic and antimuscarinic intervention increases pharyngeal dilator muscle activity and improves airway function in sleeping humans. ⋯ Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, https://www.anzctr.org.au, trial ID: ACTRN12616000469415.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Cognitive behavioral treatments for insomnia and pain in adults with comorbid chronic insomnia and fibromyalgia: clinical outcomes from the SPIN randomized controlled trial.
To examine the effects of cognitive behavioral treatments for insomnia (CBT-I) and pain (CBT-P) in patients with comorbid fibromyalgia and insomnia. ⋯ Sleep and Pain Interventions in Fibromyalgia (SPIN), clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02001077.
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We aimed to detect cross-sectional phenotype and polygenic risk score (PRS) associations between sleep duration and prevalent diseases using the Partners Biobank, a hospital-based cohort study linking electronic medical records (EMR) with genetic information. ⋯ By validating the PRS for sleep duration and identifying cross-phenotype associations, we lay the groundwork for future investigations on the intersection between sleep, genetics, clinical measures, and diseases using large EMR datasets.
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To better understand the inter-individual differences in neurobehavioral impairment in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), we examined how changes in sleep electroencephalography (EEG) slow waves were associated with next-day psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) performance. ⋯ Changes in EEG slow waves, in particular ∆SWAK, explain inter-individual differences in PVT performance better than conventional NPSG metrics, suggesting that ΔSWAK is a night-time correlate of next-day vigilance in OSA.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Treating chronic insomnia in postmenopausal women: a randomized clinical trial comparing cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia, sleep restriction therapy, and sleep hygiene education.
Insomnia is a leading cause of disability in postmenopausal women. Multicomponent cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) is a first-line treatment for chronic insomnia, but support for its efficacy in treating menopause-related insomnia is scarce. The present study evaluated whether CBTI is an efficacious treatment for menopause-related chronic insomnia, and whether sleep restriction therapy (SRT)-a single component of CBTI-is equally efficacious compared with CBTI. ⋯ CBTI and SRT effectively treat menopause-related insomnia disorder and are superior to SHE. Response to CBTI and SRT is similar, but CBTI outperforms SRT in improving sleep maintenance, which may increase likelihood of remission. Clinical Trial Name: Behavioral Treatment of Menopausal Insomnia: Sleep and Daytime Outcomes. URL: clinicaltrials.gov. Registration: NCT01933295.