Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. · Jun 2014
Changes in medication preceding out-of-hospital cardiac arrest where resuscitation was attempted.
To describe recent changes in medication preceding out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) where resuscitation was attempted. ⋯ Most OHCA victims had new drugs prescribed within 6 months before the event but most often intended for diseases other than cardiac. No claims can be made as to the causality.
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J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. · May 2014
Competitive inhibition of the nondepolarizing muscle relaxant rocuronium on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channels in the rat superior cervical ganglia.
A number of case reports now indicate that rocuronium can induce a number of serious side effects. We hypothesized that these side effects might be mediated by the inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) at superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons. Conventional patch clamp recordings were used to study the effects of rocuronium on nAChR currents from enzymatically dissociated rat SCG neurons. ⋯ In conclusion, rocuronium, at clinically relevant concentrations, directly inhibits nAChRs at the SCG by interacting with both opened and closed states. This inhibition is competitive, dose dependent, and voltage independent. Blockade of synaptic transmission in the sympathetic ganglia by rocuronium might have potentially inhibitory effects on the cardiovascular system.
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J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. · Apr 2014
Review Meta Analysis Comparative StudyBenefits from new ADP antagonists as compared with clopidogrel in patients with stable angina or acute coronary syndrome undergoing invasive management: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.
New P2Y12 receptor inhibitors have provided new and more potent antiplatelet strategies, although raising several concerns on possible increase of bleedings. The aim of current meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of new adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor antagonists as compared with clopidogrel in elective or ACS patients managed invasively. ⋯ Present meta-analysis shows that the new ADP antagonists prasugrel, ticagrelor, and cangrelor are associated to significant reduction of mortality, reinfarction, RI, and ST respect to clopidogrel alone, without significant increase in bleeding complications.
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J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. · Apr 2014
ReviewPharmacologic management of perioperative pulmonary hypertension.
Perioperative pulmonary hypertension can originate from an established disease or acutely develop within the surgical setting. Patients with increased pulmonary vascular resistance are consequently at greater risk for complications. Despite the various specific therapies available, the ideal therapeutic approach in this patient population is not currently clear. This article describes the basic principles of perioperative pulmonary hypertension and reviews the different classes of agents used to promote pulmonary vasodilation in the surgical setting.
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J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. · Mar 2014
ReviewHeart failure and mitochondrial dysfunction: the role of mitochondrial fission/fusion abnormalities and new therapeutic strategies.
The treatment of heart failure (HF) has evolved during the past 30 years with the recognition of neurohormonal activation and the effectiveness of its inhibition in improving the quality of life and survival. Over the past 20 years, there has been a revolution in the investigation of the mitochondrion with the development of new techniques and the finding that mitochondria are connected in networks and undergo constant division (fission) and fusion, even in cardiac myocytes. This has led to new molecular and cellular discoveries in HF, which offer the potential for the development of new molecular-based therapies. ⋯ In this review, we will discuss the current HF therapy and its impact on the mitochondria. In addition, we will review some of the new drug targets under development. There is potential for effective, novel therapies for HF to arise from new molecular understanding.