Japanese journal of clinical oncology
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · May 2016
Characteristics and overall survival of EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors: a retrospective analysis for 1660 Japanese patients.
The Japan Guidelines of Lung Cancer Therapy recommend epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors as a first-line therapy for advanced/recurrent non-small cell lung cancer patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation. Although survival periods in recent reports of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment have been getting longer, the reasons why are unclear. We investigated the survival, prognostic factors and real-world treatment of non-small cell lung cancer patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation in clinical practice. ⋯ Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, especially gefitinib, are major components of the treatment regimens for epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer. Switching and re-challenging with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors were also practiced in Japan.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Apr 2016
Prognostic nomogram for previously untreated patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after esophagectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.
The aim of the study was to establish an effective prognostic nomogram for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after radical esophagectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy in those previously untreated patients. ⋯ The prognostic nomogram provided individualized risk estimate of survival in patients after esophagectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Apr 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyRandomized Phase III study of gemcitabine plus S-1 versus gemcitabine plus cisplatin in advanced biliary tract cancer: Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study (JCOG1113, FUGA-BT).
A Phase II selection design trial was conducted to identify the most promising regimen for comparison with standard therapy in chemo-naive patients with unresectable or recurrent biliary tract cancer (JCOG0805). Gemcitabine plus S-1 therapy showed better efficacy than S-1 monotherapy with acceptable safety in JCOG0805 study. ⋯ The primary endpoint is overall survival, while the secondary endpoints are progression-free survival, adverse events, serious adverse events, clinically significant adverse events, response rate and %planned dose. This trial has been registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index.htm) and the registration number is UMIN000010667.
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Trousseau's syndrome (cancer-associated thrombosis) is the second leading cause of death in cancer patients, after death from cancer itself. The risk of a venous thromboembolism is 4- to 7-fold higher in patients with cancer than in those without cancer. The causes of this impaired coagulation are associated with general patient-related risk factors, and other factors that are specific to the particular cancer or treatment. ⋯ If low molecular weight heparin is unavailable, some guidelines recommend the use of vitamin K antagonists that have a target international normalized ratio in the range of 2-3, as acceptable alternatives. Novel oral anticoagulants that directly inhibit factor Xa or thrombin are promising for the prophylaxis of high-risk cancer patients and in the long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism. However, to date, there is insufficient evidence to support the use of these new anticoagulants.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Feb 2016
Radiotherapy and gemcitabine-docetaxel chemotherapy in children and adolescents with unresectable recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma.
Few reports have described the treatment outcome of osteosarcoma using radiotherapy. We evaluated the efficacy of radiotherapy and gemcitabine and docetaxel chemotherapy for patients with unresectable recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma. ⋯ Radiotherapy with gemcitabine and docetaxel chemotherapy showed some improvement in cases of refractory tumors or multiple bone metastases. Further studies are needed to investigate the efficacy of newer radiotherapy modalities, as well as to identify new radiosensitizing chemotherapy regimens.