Japanese journal of clinical oncology
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Sep 2015
Multicenter StudyGemcitabine plus cisplatin for patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Taiwan: a multicenter prospective Phase II trial.
This multicenter Phase II trial evaluated the toxicity/efficacy of gemcitabine plus cisplatin as first-line chemotherapy in patients with recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. ⋯ Gemcitabine plus cisplatin is an effective, well-tolerated regimen as a first-line treatment for recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Aug 2015
ReviewPost-crisis efforts towards recovery and resilience after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident.
One of the well-known radiation-associated late-onset cancers is childhood thyroid cancer as demonstrated around Chernobyl apparently from 1991. Therefore, immediately after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident on March 2011, iodine thyroid blocking was considered regardless of its successful implementation or not at the indicated timing and places as one of the radiation protection measurements, in addition to evacuation and indoor sheltering, because a short-lived radioactive iodine was massively released into the environment which might crucially affect thyroid glands through inhalation and unrestricted consumption of contaminated food and milk. ⋯ It is, therefore, critically important that best activities and practices related to recovery and resilience should be encouraged, supported and implemented at local and regional levels. Since psychosocial well-being of individuals and communities is the core element of resilience, local individuals, health professionals and authorities are uniquely positioned to identify and provide insight into what would provide the best resolution for their specific needs.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Aug 2015
Prolonged survival after diagnosis of brain metastasis from breast cancer: contributing factors and treatment implications.
The prognosis of breast cancer-derived brain metastasis is poor, but new drugs and recent therapeutic strategies have helped extend survival in patients. Prediction of therapeutic responses and outcomes is not yet possible, however. In a retrospective study, we examined prognostic factors in patients with breast cancer-derived brain metastasis, and we tested the prognostic utility of a breast cancer-specific Graded Prognostic Assessment in these patients. ⋯ Our data indicate that breast cancer-specific Graded Prognostic Assessment-based prediction will be helpful in determining appropriate therapeutic strategies for patients with brain metastasis from breast cancer.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Jul 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyClinical efficacy of Daikenchuto for gastrointestinal dysfunction following colon surgery: a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled study (JFMC39-0902).
This exploratory trial was performed to determine whether Daikenchuto accelerates recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients undergoing open colectomy for colon cancer. ⋯ The moderate effects of Daikenchuto were observed ∼1 week after the operation. Although Daikenchuto had an effect on gastrointestinal function after open surgery in patients with colon cancer, this study did not show its clinical benefits adequately.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Jun 2015
ReviewGenomic profiling of small-cell lung cancer: the era of targeted therapies.
The molecular profiling of small-cell lung cancer is challenging because of the difficulty in obtaining suitable tumor samples for integrative genomic analysis. While an urgent need exists for well-defined and effective therapeutic targets in small-cell lung cancer, no significant improvement has been made in treating this disease over the past 30 years. Recently, three reports describing comprehensive genomic analyses of small-cell lung cancer have been published. ⋯ Of note, these three comprehensive genomic analyses and other molecular analyses of small-cell lung cancer have contributed to the identification of patient populations that may benefit from promising targeted agents, such as those affecting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, FGFR1, RET or AURORA kinase inhibitors. Targeting small-cell lung cancer cells with tumor suppressor gene alteration based on synthetic lethality is also promising. The present review provides an overview of the biologically relevant genetic alterations and targeted therapies of small-cell lung cancer focusing on recent discoveries that could impact the management of small-cell lung cancer.