Japanese journal of clinical oncology
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Jun 2015
Quality of reporting of chemotherapy compliance in randomized controlled trials of breast cancer treatment.
The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement requires detailed reporting of interventions for randomized controlled trials. We hypothesized that there was variable reporting of chemotherapy compliance in published randomized controlled trials in breast cancer, and therefore surveyed the literature to assess this parameter and determine the study characteristics associated with reporting quality. ⋯ Our results demonstrate variable reporting of chemotherapy compliance in published randomized controlled trials with a modest improvement noted in recent years. Incorporating standards for reporting chemotherapy compliance in scientific guidelines or the journal peer review process may decrease the variability and improve the quality of reporting.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Jun 2015
Case ReportsCervical epidural hematoma in a healthy donor presenting stroke mimic symptoms: a rare adverse event following peripheral blood stem cell apheresis.
Peripheral blood stem cell apheresis from a healthy donor is indispensable for allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Here, we report a rare adverse event following peripheral blood stem cell apheresis. A female sibling donor, aged 61 years with an unremarkable medical history, complained of pain in the left neck and shoulder and numbness in the left upper limb 1 h after the end of peripheral blood stem cell apheresis. ⋯ Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical cord on the following day revealed a cervical epidural hematoma. An emergency C4-C5 laminectomy was performed, and the paralysis was improved immediately after surgery. This report is the first case of cervical epidural hematoma in a healthy donor who underwent peripheral blood stem cell apheresis and presented symptoms confusingly similar to those of brain infarction.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · May 2015
ReviewPharmacotherapy for recurrent ovarian cancer: current status and future perspectives.
Several 'lines of therapy' that utilize cytotoxic agents and are driven by platinum-free intervals are the current standard of care for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer. For patients with platinum-resistant disease, single agent chemotherapy (pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, topotecan, gemcitabine or weekly paclitaxel) is the standard of care. ⋯ Future directions could include 'lines of therapy' with biologic agents driven by specific biologic targets. Data from antiangiogenic agents (trebananib, pazopanib and cediranib), antifolate drugs (farletuzumab and vintafolide), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (olaparib and veliparib), mTOR inhibitors (everolimus and temsirolimus) and immune editing agents (nivolumab) have been summarized in this review.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · May 2015
Risk of ischemic stroke after androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer in the Chinese population living in Hong Kong.
Previous reports on the risk of stroke after androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer were largely based on Caucasians. We investigated the risk of ischemic stroke after androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer in the Chinese population. ⋯ There was increased risk of ischemic stroke after androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer in the Chinese population. The risk of ischemic stroke should be considered while deciding on androgen deprivation therapy, especially in older patients with known history of hyperlipidemia.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Apr 2015
ReviewMethodological issues in observational studies and non-randomized controlled trials in oncology in the era of big data.
Non-randomized controlled trials, cohort studies and database studies are appealing study designs when there are urgent needs for safety data, outcomes of interest are rare, generalizability is a matter of concern, or randomization is not feasible. This paper reviews four typical case studies from methodological viewpoints and clarifies how to minimize bias in observational studies in oncology. In summary, researchers planning observational studies should be cautious of selection of appropriate databases, validity of algorithms for identifying outcomes, comparison with incident users or self-control, rigorous collection of information on potential confounders and reporting details of subject selection. Further, a careful study protocol and statistical analysis plan are also necessary.