Japanese journal of clinical oncology
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Nov 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialEfficacy and safety of abiraterone acetate plus prednisone in Japanese patients with newly diagnosed, metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer: a subgroup analysis of LATITUDE, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 study.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of abiraterone acetate plus prednisone (AAP) plus androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) in Japanese subgroup with newly diagnosed, metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer (mHNPC) from Phase 3, randomized, global LATITUDE study. ⋯ Treatment with AAP plus ADT has shown a positive risk-benefit balance and may serve as a new treatment option to improve the prognosis of Japanese mHNPC patients with high-risk features.
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In recent years, many antibody therapies for multiple myeloma have been developed. Antibodies against SLAMF7, CD38, B-cell maturation antigen and PD-1 have been developed and clinical trials are currently under way. As of July 2017, antibodies clinically available in Japan for the treatment of multiple myeloma are elotuzumab against SLAMF7 and daratumumab against CD38. ⋯ CD38 is expressed ubiquitously virtually in all tissues that are highly expressed on plasma cells and it represents an attractive target for immunotherapy using monoclonal antibodies. In the phase III CASTOR trial, patients treated with daratumumab+bortezomib+dexamethasone had a better CR rate and progression-free survival rate compared with bortezomib+dexamethasone-treated patients (29% vs 10%, median progression-free survival: 16.7 vs 7.1 months, respectively). Moreover, in the phase III POLLUX trial, patients treated with daratumumab+lenalidomide+dexamethasone had a better response and progression-free survival (CRR or better: 55% vs 23%, 30-month progression-free survival: 58% vs 35%), compared with lenalidomide+dexamethasone-treated patients.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Nov 2018
Observational StudyImprovement in pain interference after palliative radiotherapy for solid and hematologic painful tumors: a secondary analysis of a prospective observational study.
We previously demonstrated that patients with painful hematologic tumors were more likely to experience pain response after palliative radiotherapy (RT) than those with painful solid tumors. However, it is unknown whether change in pain interference differs between these two tumor types. In the present study, we carried out a secondary analysis of our previous prospective observational study to investigate this matter. ⋯ The two groups showed comparable benefit from RT in terms of improvement in pain interference. Patients with tumor-related pain should be offered the option of palliative RT, irrespective of whether the painful tumor is solid or hematologic.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Oct 2018
Validation and suggestion of eighth T classifications of the UICC/AJCC staging system for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: a retrospective analysis.
With the aim to validate the applicability of the eighth T classifications of AJCC/UICC staging system for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. ⋯ Intensity-modulated radiotherapy with elective neck irradiation provides excellent local-regional control for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and the eighth T classification seems to be superior to the seventh T classification. Since local control has improved in the modern era, the study considered that the staging system could be further improved and simplified by downstaging the current T2 classification patients to T1 with modern treatment. Researchers are attempting to incorporate individualized prognostic factors, such as Epstein-Barr virus DNA, into nomogram.
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Therapeutic strategies for multiple myeloma have dramatically changed in the last two decades, especially after the introduction of proteasome inhibitors. The first-in-class proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2003. ⋯ Because each proteasome inhibitor shows different properties with respect to adverse events, understanding and managing each adverse event of proteasome inhibitors are necessary for the continuation of therapy with minimal interruption of treatment. This review summarizes the recent advances in proteasome inhibitors used in the treatment of multiple myeloma.