Neurological research
-
Neurological research · Dec 2013
Patients undergoing surgery of intracranial metastases have different outcomes based on their primary pathology.
Patients with a variety of different primary cancers can develop intracranial metastases. Patients who develop intracranial metastases are often grouped into the same study population, and therefore an understanding of outcomes for patients with different primary cancers remain unclear. ⋯ These differences between patients with different primary cancers support the fact that patients with intracranial disease are not all the same and should be studied by their primary pathology.
-
Neurological research · Dec 2013
Surgical management of epilepsy due to cerebral cavernomas using neuronavigation and intraoperative MR imaging.
Cure from seizures due to cavernomas might be surgically achieved dependent on both, the complete removal of the cavernoma as well as its surrounding hemosiderin rim. High field intraoperative MRI imaging (iopMRI) and neuronavigation might play a crucial role to achieve both goals. We retrospectively investigated the long-term results and impact of intraoperative 1·5T MRI (iopMRI) and neuronavigation on the completeness of surgical removal of a cavernous malformation (CM) and its perilesional hemosiderin rim as well as reduction of surgical morbidity. ⋯ We report excellent long-term seizure control with minimal surgical morbidity after complete resection of CM using our multimodal approach.
-
Neurological research · Nov 2013
Overriding role of parent over daughter vessel dimension in size ratio detection performance of bifurcation aneurysms ruptured status.
Aneurysm-to-vessel size ratio (SR) predicts rupture status based on the premise that large aneurysms on small vessels are more likely to rupture compared to small aneurysms on larger vessels. While simpler for sidewall-type (function of proximal vessel [PV] only), SR methodology for bifurcation aneurysms requires the overhead of daughter vessels measurement. This study sets to evaluate SR performance on bifurcation aneurysms, and determine the added value of including daughters' measurements. ⋯ Not only is the inclusion of daughter measurements not statistically justified, it may be detrimental to SR performance. Parent-only SR definitions simplify the aneurysmal morphological evaluation at no performance loss. It is reasonable to employ a unified approach regardless of sidewall/bifurcation labeling, by defining SR as aneurysm size to parent vessel ratio and omitting the measurements of the daughter branches.
-
Neurological research · Nov 2013
The diagnostic accuracy of TCD for intracranial arterial stenosis/occlusion in patients with acute ischemic stroke: the importance of time interval between detection of TCD and CTA.
To evaluate prospectively the diagnostic accuracy of transcranial doppler (TCD) as an additional screening tool for intracranial arterial steno-occlusive disease against computed tomography angiography (CTA) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) if both are performed in a short time interval. ⋯ Transcranial doppler shows high diagnostic accuracy against CTA if both are performed in a short time interval in evaluating intracranial arterial stenosis/occlusion in patients with AIS, especially for MCA obstruction. Transcranial doppler can also provide additional real-time dynamic findings complementary to the information provided by CTA. This can result in changes in the management in some of these patients.
-
Neurological research · Nov 2013
Lipoxin A4 ameliorates cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury through upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2.
Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is a potent anti-inflammatory mediator that exerts a neuroprotective effect following cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is generally considered to reduce cerebral I/R injury. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 can induce haeme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and glutathione (GSH) expression to combat increased oxidative stress. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Nrf2 signalling on LXA4-mediated neuroprotection. ⋯ Overall, our data suggest that Nrf2 upregulation is involved in the neuroprotective effects of LXA4 and may be ALXR independent.