Neurological research
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Neurological research · Jun 2005
Case Reports Comparative StudyAn NIRS matrix for detecting and correcting cerebral oxygen desaturation events during surgery and neuroendovascular procedures.
Transcranial cerebral oximetry was developed for early detection of cerebral hypoxia and to avoid cerebral dysfunctions. However, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) data obtained during surgery are subject to intrinsic and extrinsic influences that have to be accounted for when interpreting the recordings. ⋯ The modular expandable NIRS matrix we describe has promise for clinical use in surgical, neurointerventional, and anaesthesiological contexts.
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Neurological research · Jun 2005
Comparative StudySecondary spinal cord hypoperfusion of circumscribed areas after injury in rats.
The evaluation of the spatial spread of ischemia following spinal cord injury (SCI) is important for planning therapeutic strategies for secondary injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate in detail the change in regional spinal cord blood flow (rSCBF) after SCI. ⋯ This study found that SCBF is significantly decreased not only at the injured myelomere but also at the circumferent myelomeres. Circumferentially extending ischemia after SCI is related to secondary injury after SCI. The improvement in SCBF after SCI, therefore, can be attributed to the treatment of SCI.
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Neurological research · Apr 2005
ReviewLocal brain hypothermia for neuroprotection in stroke treatment and aneurysm repair.
Hypothermia is well known to provide neuroprotection following various brain insults in experimental animals. Two recently completed clinical trials of whole body hypothermia in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients' demonstrated significantly improved survival rates and neurologic outcomes. These results provide new excitement and encouragement for clinical application of hypothermia in cerebrovascular disease. ⋯ Lastly, we review potential mechanisms through which hypothermia provides blood-brain barrier protection and reduces edema formation. Clearly, hypothermia has a bright future for cerebrovascular disease treatment if brain cooling can be delivered in a manner that does not compromise the patient or the neurosurgical and intensive care settings. Local brain cooling may be just that new treatment approach.
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Neurological research · Jan 2005
Comparative StudyCapnography screening for sleep apnea in patients with acute stroke.
Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is a prominent clinical feature in acute stroke patients. Diagnosis is usually established by polysomnography or cardio-respiratory polygraphy (CRP). Both diagnostic procedures produce high costs, are dependent on the access to a specialized sleep laboratory, and are poorly tolerated by patients with acute stroke. ⋯ According to our findings, routinely acquired capnography may provide a reliable estimate of the AHI(CRP). The equipment needed for this screening procedure is provided by the monitoring systems of most intensive care units and stroke units where stroke patients are regularly treated during the first days of their illness. Therefore, early diagnosis of SAS in these patients is made substantially easier.
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Neurological research · Jan 2005
Comparative StudyIn vivo multiparametric monitoring of brain functions under intracranial hypertension following mannitol administration.
Over the last 20 years, mannitol has replaced other osmotic diuretics. Its beneficial effects on intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain metabolism are widely accepted. In the present study, we tested the effect of mannitol injection on brain hemodynamic, metabolic, ionic and electrical state in rats exposed to intracranial hypertension. ⋯ It seems that the multiparametric monitoring approach, used in intracranial hypertension models, is an important tool for brain functional state evaluation.