Calcified tissue international
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Calcif. Tissue Int. · Nov 2015
Effects of Yerba Mate (IIex paraguariensis) on Histomorphometry, Biomechanics, and Densitometry on Bones in the Rat.
Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is a xanthine-containing beverage, which is also rich in caffeine. Because caffeine has a negative impact on bone mineral density (BMD) mainly associated with low calcium (Ca) diets, there would be expected a negative effect of yerba mate on bone. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were used and randomly assigned into four groups (n = 6/group): Control + Ca 0.2 g %; Control + Ca 0.9 g %; Yerba + Ca 0.2 g %; Yerba + Ca 0.9 g %. ⋯ Interaction between Ca content in the diet and yerba mate was only found in trabecular bone volume, which would indicate that the negative effect of low Ca intake on bone volume is reversed in part by yerba mate infusion. However, yerba mate was not able to reverse the negative effect of low Ca content on biomechanical properties and trabecular connectivity. In summary, at least in our study, yerba mate would not have a negative effect on bone and would be safe for the bone health of consumers.
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Calcif. Tissue Int. · Apr 2015
Fracture discrimination by combined bone mineral density (BMD) and microarchitectural texture analysis.
The use of bone mineral density (BMD) for fracture discrimination may be improved by considering bone microarchitecture. Texture parameters such as trabecular bone score (TBS) or mean Hurst parameter (H) could help to find women who are at high risk of fracture in the non-osteoporotic group. The purpose of this study was to combine BMD and microarchitectural texture parameters (spine TBS and calcaneus H) for the detection of osteoporotic fractures. ⋯ However, women with normal or osteopenic BMD in the lowest range of TBS or H had significantly more fractures than women above the TBS or the H threshold. We have shown the potential interest of texture parameters such as TBS and H in addition to BMD to discriminate patients with or without osteoporotic fractures. However, their clinical added values should be evaluated relative to other risk factors.
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Calcif. Tissue Int. · Apr 2015
Phosphate binders prevent phosphate-induced cellular senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular calcification in a modified, adenine-based uremic rat model.
Clinical and experimental studies have reported that phosphate overload plays a central role in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease. However, it remains undetermined whether phosphate induces cellular senescence during vascular calcification. We established a modified uremic rat model induced by a diet containing 0.3% adenine that showed more slowly progressive kidney failure, more robust vascular calcification, and longer survival than the conventional model (0.75% adenine). ⋯ However, serum levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, serum fibroblast growth factor 23, and aortic calcium content in CKD-CaC rats were higher than those in CKD-LaC rats. In conclusion, phosphate induces cellular senescence of VSMCs in the modified uremic rat model, and phosphate binders can prevent both cellular senescence and calcification of VSMCs via phosphate unloading. Our modified adenine-based uremic rat model is useful for evaluating uremia-related complications, including vascular calcification.
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Osteoporosis-related hip fractures represent a substantial cause of mortality and morbidity in industrialized countries like Austria. Identification of groups at high risk for mortality after hip fracture is crucial for health policy decisions. To determine in-hospital, long-term, and excess mortality after osteoporosis-related hip fracture in Austrian patients, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of pseudonymized invoice data from Austrian social insurance authorities covering roughly 98 % of the entire population. ⋯ Excess mortality, particularly in males, was highest in the first 6 months after hip fracture, but remained statistically significantly elevated throughout the observation period of 3 years. Longer hospital stay per fracture was correlated with mortality reduction in older patients and in patients with more subsequent fractures. In conclusion, more efforts are needed to identify causes and effectively prevent excess mortality especially in male osteoporosis patients.
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Calcif. Tissue Int. · Nov 2013
Clinical TrialTeriparatide treatment in adult patients with osteogenesis imperfecta type I.
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a hereditary disease characterized by low bone mass, increased bone fragility, short stature, and skeletal deformities. This study focuses on OI type I, the mildest form of the disease. Bisphosphonates represent the prevailing standard of care in patients with OI. ⋯ This suggests a normal osteoblastic response to TPD. However, the observed increases in BMD were somewhat lower than those in postmenopausal or senile osteoporosis treated with TPD for the same lag time. Our results open the possibility to develop TPD for the treatment of adult type I OI, but particularly for the lack of a control group, a properly designed controlled study is warranted.