Journal of affective disorders
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Depression is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cardiovascular mortality. We investigated to what extent subjective health status explained the apparent association between depressive symptoms and cardiovascular mortality in older European men. ⋯ In older men, subjective health status explains a considerable part of the association between depression and risk of cardiovascular mortality.
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Comparative Study
Relationships of neuroticism and extraversion with axis I and II comorbidity among patients with DSM-IV major depressive disorder.
High comorbidity with axis I and II disorders among major depressive disorder (MDD) patients may in part be due to the predisposing personality dimensions of neuroticism and extraversion. However, a comprehensive view of this relationship is lacking. ⋯ Among MDD patients, a positive dose-exposure relationship appears to exist between neuroticism and prevalence and number of comorbid axis I and II disorders. A negative relationship exists between level of extraversion and prevalence of social phobia and cluster C personality disorders. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that high neuroticism and low extraversion predispose to comorbid axis I and II disorders among patients with MDD.
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Comparative Study
The PHQ-8 as a measure of current depression in the general population.
The eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-8) is established as a valid diagnostic and severity measure for depressive disorders in large clinical studies. Our objectives were to assess the PHQ-8 as a depression measure in a large, epidemiological population-based study, and to determine the comparability of depression as defined by the PHQ-8 diagnostic algorithm vs. a PHQ-8 cutpoint > or = 10. ⋯ The PHQ-8 is a useful depression measure for population-based studies, and either its diagnostic algorithm or a cutpoint > or = 10 can be used for defining current depression.
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This study sought to determine from a recent meta-analysis of pediatric antidepressant trials if a general property of antidepressant medications--the multiple-dosing medication half-life--is associated with risks for suicidal ideation or behavior. ⋯ The risk of suicidal ideation or behavior in short-term antidepressant trials involving children or adolescents, as defined in the recent FDA meta-analysis, appears to be potentially at least partly associated with antidepressant half-life. Although any relationship is tentative, approaches to investigating several potential candidate mechanisms for any association are discussed.
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Rating scales are often used in the assessment of depression and anxiety in traumatic brain injury (TBI), but few have been validated for use with this population. Overlap of symptoms between such disorders and TBI may lead to under- or over-diagnosis of depression or anxiety. ⋯ The HADS was a reliable measure of emotional distress in this TBI sample; however the cut-off scores and categories were not useful in predicting caseness of depression and anxiety. Clinicians should be mindful of the sequelae of TBI that may confound the scores yielded in rating scales and should follow up with a psychiatric interview when diagnosis is unclear.