Annals of emergency medicine
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Prevention of gastrointestinal iron absorption by chelation from an orally administered premixed deferoxamine/charcoal slurry.
To investigate the effect of an orally administered premixed slurry of deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) and activated charcoal (AC) on the gastrointestinal (GI) absorption of ferrous sulfate under physiologic conditions. ⋯ In this model, a premixed 1:3 (weight/weight) DFO/ AC slurry reduced the GI absorption of ferrous sulfate in adult volunteers under physiologic conditions.
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Restraint position and positional asphyxia.
To determine whether the "hobble" or "hog-tie" restraint position results in clinically relevant respiratory dysfunction. ⋯ In our study population of healthy subjects, the restraint position resulted in a restrictive pulmonary function pattern but did not result in clinically relevant changes in oxygenation or ventilation.
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To describe exposures that prehospital and ED personnel may encounter as a result of hazardous material incidents. ⋯ Multiple victim transport to EDs from a single hazardous material incident is most likely to result from an inhalation exposure to a respiratory irritant. Information from descriptive studies should allow improved preparation for potential hazardous material victims.
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To demonstrate the degree to which pulse oximetry overestimates actual oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb) saturation in patients with carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. This phenomenon has been reported in fewer than 20 humans in the English medical literature. ⋯ There is a linear decline in O2Hb saturation as COHb saturation increases. This decline is not detected by pulse oximetry, which therefore overestimates O2Hb saturation in patients with increased COHb levels. The pulse oximetry gap increases with higher levels of COHb and approximates the COHb level. In patients with possible CO poisoning, pulse oximetry must be considered unreliable and interpreted with caution until the COHb level has been measured.