Annals of emergency medicine
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As the 21st century approaches, the United States is moving, toward a more pluralistic society with regard to race, ethnicity, and national origin. With this increase in diversity has come a resurgence of hate crime violence. Scant information is available in the medical literature about hate crime violence, hate groups, hate crime violence legislation, or the physical and psychologic sequelae of hate crime violence on the individual and its effects on the community. Guidelines for the treatment of victims of hate crime violence in the prehospital care setting, ED, and inpatient setting are proposed.
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To determine the sensitivity of the urine ketone dip test (UKDT) for the detection of ketonemia in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and diabetic ketosis (DK) in the ED. ⋯ The UKDT is highly sensitive for the presence of serum ketones in patients with DKA and DK. Prospective study is suggested to determine the specificity of the UKDT in this application and to validate its use as a screening tool for the detection of ketonemia in DKA and DK.
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Comparative Study
Children and adults in cardiopulmonary arrest: are advanced life support guidelines followed in the prehospital setting?
To compare the proportions of children and adults in whom advanced life support (ALS) guidelines for prehospital management of cardiopulmonary arrest. ⋯ In our study population endotracheal intubation, intravascular access, and administration of epinephrine were attempted and performed significantly less frequently in children than in adults. Given the relative infrequency with which ALS providers encounter children in cardiopulmonary arrest, they need additional training to maintain their skills.
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We sought to quantify the detectable size of varying compositions of gravel using a cadaveric chicken leg wound model and standard plain-film two-view radiographs. ⋯ In this wound model, gravel particles of less than 1 mm were not accurately identified.