Annals of emergency medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of ondansetron on the incidence of vomiting associated with ketamine sedation in children: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
We investigate the effect of ondansetron on the incidence of vomiting in children who receive intravenous (IV) ketamine for procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department (ED). ⋯ IV ondansetron significantly reduces the incidence of vomiting associated with IV ketamine procedural sedation in children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The role of oral ondansetron in children with vomiting as a result of acute gastritis/gastroenteritis who have failed oral rehydration therapy: a randomized controlled trial.
We hypothesize that ondansetron will facilitate oral rehydration therapy in children with acute gastritis or acute gastroenteritis and mild to moderate dehydration who fail initial oral rehydration therapy. We hypothesize that subjects receiving ondansetron will tolerate oral rehydration and that a lower proportion will require intravenous hydration than subjects receiving placebo, with a clinically important difference of at least 30% when comparing 2 groups of patients presenting to the ED with acute gastritis/acute gastroenteritis. Secondarily, we hypothesize that subjects receiving ondansetron will have a lower proportion requiring admission, fewer episodes of vomiting and diarrhea, and fewer revisits. ⋯ In subjects with acute gastritis/acute gastroenteritis and mild to moderate dehydration who failed initial oral rehydration therapy, the proportion of children who received intravenous hydration was smaller in the ondansetron group than in the placebo group.
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Multicenter Study
Risk prediction with procalcitonin and clinical rules in community-acquired pneumonia.
The Pneumonia Severity Index and CURB-65 predict outcomes in community-acquired pneumonia but have limitations. Procalcitonin, a biomarker of bacterial infection, may provide prognostic information in community-acquired pneumonia. Our objective is to describe the pattern of procalcitonin in community-acquired pneumonia and determine whether procalcitonin provides prognostic information beyond the Pneumonia Severity Index and CURB-65. ⋯ Selective use of procalcitonin as an adjunct to existing rules may offer additional prognostic information in high-risk patients.