Annals of emergency medicine
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We empirically identify those aspects that make an effective lecture according to both quantitative and qualitative assessments of the opinions of a select group of emergency medicine educators. ⋯ Quantitative and qualitative findings indicate that a specific and directed structure, a lecturer's knowledge base, and confidence and enthusiasm for the material are key components in the development of an effective lecture. These self-reported findings help describe strategies of exemplary emergency medicine lecturers that can be considered by faculty, residents, and other presenters.
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Every year, approximately 6.2 million hospital admissions through emergency departments (ED) involve elderly patients who are at risk of developing pressure ulcers. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of pressure-redistribution foam mattresses on ED stretchers and beds for early prevention of pressure ulcers in elderly admitted ED patients. ⋯ The economic evidence supports early prevention with pressure-redistribution foam mattresses in the ED. Early prevention is likely to improve health for elderly patients and save hospital costs.
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Multicenter Study
Diabetes is not associated with increased mortality in emergency department patients with sepsis.
Despite its high prevalence, the influence of diabetes on outcomes of emergency department (ED) patients with sepsis remains undefined. Our aim is to investigate the association of diabetes and initial glucose level with mortality in patients with suspected infection from the ED. ⋯ We found no evidence for a harmful association of diabetes and mortality in patients across different sepsis severities. High initial glucose levels were associated with adverse outcomes in the nondiabetic population only. Further investigation is warranted to determine the mechanism for these effects.
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The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is widely used to assess patients with head injury but has been criticized for its complexity and poor interrater reliability. A 3-point Simplified Motor Score (SMS) (defined as obeys commands=2, localizes pain=1, and withdraws to pain or worse=0) was created to address these limitations. Our goal is to validate the SMS in the out-of-hospital setting, with the hypothesis that it is equivalent to the GCS score for discriminating brain injury outcomes. ⋯ In this external validation, SMS was similar to the GCS score for predicting outcomes in traumatic brain injury in the out-of-hospital setting.