Annals of emergency medicine
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Comparative Study
Influence of Shift Duration on Cognitive Performance of Emergency Physicians: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study.
The relationship between tiredness and medical errors is now commonly accepted. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the cognitive performance of emergency physicians after a night shift of 14 hours (H14) and after a work shift of 24 hours (H24) and to compare it with tests performed after a rest night at home (H0). ⋯ The cognitive abilities of emergency physicians were significantly altered after a 24-hour shift, whereas they were not significantly different from the rested condition after a 14-hour night shift. Limiting 24-hour shift work for emergency physicians should be considered and further evaluated.
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We analyzed the effect of insurance expansion on emergency department (ED) utilization among the uninsured in Maryland, which expanded Medicaid eligibility and created health insurance exchanges in 2014. ⋯ Insurance expansion in Maryland was associated with a modest relative increase in ED visits among the uninsured, driven by increases in higher-acuity visits. It remains unclear whether insurance coverage helped the uninsured address their unmet medical needs.
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Currently, 1 out of 6 Americans lives within a jurisdiction in which physician-assisted dying is legally authorized. In most cases, patients ingest lethal physician-assisted dying medications at home without involvement of emergency medical services (EMS) or the emergency department (ED). However, occasionally the dying process is interrupted as a result of incomplete ingestion or vomiting of medications, confusion about timing of dying trajectory, familial emotional distress, and other variables. ⋯ This case highlights the significant distress experienced by each party, as well as key challenges and learning points. Guidance is provided to emergency providers about expectations and communication. In states with limited physician-assisted dying experience, many EMS agencies, EDs, and hospitals require comprehensive protocols to handle the complex ethical and psychosocial issues surrounding physician-assisted dying in the ED.
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Regional, coordinated care for time-sensitive and high-risk medical conditions is a priority in the United States. A necessary precursor to coordinated regional care is regions that are actionable from clinical and policy standpoints. The Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care, the major health care referral construct in the United States, uses regions that cross state and county boundaries, limiting fiscal or political ownership by key governmental stakeholders in positions to create incentive and regulate regional care coordination. Our objective is to develop and evaluate referral regions that define care patterns for patients with acute myocardial infraction, acute stroke, or trauma, yet also preserve essential political boundaries. ⋯ A novel and straightforward spatial algorithm generated referral regions that were politically actionable and accountable for time-sensitive medical emergencies.