International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Sep 2011
Comparative StudyLingual tonsils hypertrophy; a cause of obstructive sleep apnea in children after adenotonsillectomy: operative problems and management.
Although adenotonsillar hypertrophy has been reported to be the commonest cause of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), enlargement of the lingual tonsils is increasingly being recognized as a cause, even after adenotonsillectomy. The aim of our study was to elucidate the lingual tonsils hypertrophy as a cause of pediatric OSA and also to evaluate the efficacy of lingual tonsillectomy in relieving symptoms of the disease considering the peri-operative problems and management. ⋯ Lingual tonsils hypertrophy could be the cause of obstructive sleep apnea in children after adenotonsillectomy, lingual tonsillectomy is an effective treatment for these cases, however peri-operative airway problems should be expected and can be managed safely. Persistent symptoms after lingual tonsillectomy may be due to the presence of co-morbidities such as cranio-facial deformities, obesity, and/or mucopolysaccharidoses.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Sep 2011
Comparative StudySubglottic stenosis: another challenge for intubation and potential mechanism of airway obstruction in Pierre Robin Sequence.
To determine the endotracheal tube (ETT) size and presence of subglottic narrowing in children less than 1 year old with Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS). ⋯ Infants with PRS may have a higher incidence of subglottic stenosis and require a smaller ETT compared to the normal population. This pilot study warrants a larger prospective investigation to validate these findings.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Sep 2011
Review Meta Analysis Comparative StudyEpidemiology of acute otitis media in children of Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common childhood diseases requiring antimicrobial prescription in pre-school children. This systematic review aimed to estimate the AOM incidence, bacterial etiology and use of resources in children aged <6 years in Latin America and the Caribbean (LA&C). ⋯ Streptococcus pneumoniae and H. influenzae were the most frequent AOM bacterial pathogens, consistent with the international literature from other regions. Future studies on AOM incidence and health resources usage will help better define the impact of this disease.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Sep 2011
Review Case ReportsManagement of supraglottic dysgenesis presenting as laryngomalacia.
Laryngomalacia is a common source of stridor and can lead to significant upper airway obstruction and feeding disturbances in infants. We describe a unique case of supraglottic dysgenesis presenting as laryngomalacia featuring a prominent "s-shaped" epiglottis with both posterior edges fused to the right aryepiglottic fold/arytenoid complex. Although this anomaly is not accounted for in any of the current laryngomalacia classification schemes, modified laser supraglottoplasty was a satisfactory approach leading to successful decannulation. Laryngeal embryology and possible timing of the pathogenesis of this rare occurrence are reviewed as well.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Sep 2011
Comparative StudyPierre Robin sequence: an institutional experience in the multidisciplinary management of airway, feeding and serous otitis media challenges.
To evaluate the course and prognosis of airway obstruction, feeding difficulties and hearing abnormalities in patients with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS). ⋯ Airway management in the majority of PRS can be successfully achieved by conservative methods. Even in the presence of an adequate airway, many patients will require supplemental feeding. Early audiological assessment is necessary as many patients will need tympanostomy tube placement to ensure adequate speech and language development.