International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Oct 2006
Case ReportsOtitic hydrocephalus associated with lateral sinus thrombosis and acute mastoiditis in children.
The incidence of intracranial complications of acute otitis media (AOM) has decreased and the need for operative and medical treatment is declined during the antibiotic era. To describe pathognomonic signs, evaluation management, operative findings, clinical course and outcome of otitic hydrocephalus and lateral sinus thrombosis as complications of AOM and mastoiditis in pediatric patients. Two children, 9 and 13 years old, with the diagnosis of OH and TK and MRI findings are presented. ⋯ Contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging play a major role in determining diagnosis and treatment plans in this intracranial complications. Management included systemic antibiotics, short-term heparin anticoagulation and surgical decompression. In our patients intensive i.v. antibiotic treatment, steroids, anticoagulants and surgery led to a significant improvement in the clinical condition.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Oct 2006
Role of caffeic acid phenethyl ester, an active component of propolis, against NAOH-induced esophageal burns in rats.
This study was evaluated to investigate the efficacy of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), which is a natural honeybee product exhibits a spectrum of biological activities including anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumoral actions, on the prevention of stricture development after esophageal caustic injuries in the rat. ⋯ It is concluded that CAPE has a preventive effect on the stricture development after esophageal caustic injuries in the rat.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Sep 2006
The safety of preoperative sedation in children with sleep-disordered breathing.
To prospectively monitor children who received preoperative sedation with midazolam hydrochloride prior to adenotonsillectomy (T&A) for treatment of sleep-disordered breathing with continuous pulse-oximetry to detect potential respiratory compromise. ⋯ Based on sporadic reports of adverse airway events in children with obstructive sleep apnea receiving sedation, these children frequently do not receive preoperative sedation. Given the low morbidity of preoperative sedation in our population, many children with sleep-disordered breathing may safely be pre-medicated.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Sep 2006
Subdural empyema as a complication of sinusitis in the pediatric population.
Sinusitis is a rare cause of intracranial infection in children. While intracranial complications of sinusitis are rare, the morbidity and mortality remain high. Subdural empyema is recognized as the most common sinogenic intracranial complication. We undertook a review of our cases of subdural empyema and other intracranial complications of sinusitis over the past 8 years at a busy inner city hospital. Our intent was to identify factors that may predispose children to these serious complications. ⋯ Three conclusions may be drawn from this study. First, the morbidity and mortality of intracranial complications of sinusitis remain high in the pediatric inner-city population despite adequate access to medical care. Second, subdural empyema appears to arise in the setting of subacute rather than acute frontal sinusitis. Lastly, there may be an under-diagnosis and delay in treatment of patients with frontal sinusitis, resulting in subsequent intracranial complications.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Sep 2006
Obesity increases the risk for persisting obstructive sleep apnea after treatment in children.
To evaluate the impact of obesity at diagnosis on treatment outcomes in paediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). ⋯ For children, obesity at the time of diagnosis is a major risk for persisting OSA after treatment, regardless of the severity of initial disease.