AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Aug 2016
MRI Appearance of Intracerebral Iodinated Contrast Agents: Is It Possible to Distinguish Extravasated Contrast Agent from Hemorrhage?
Hyperattenuated cerebral areas on postinterventional CT are a common finding after endovascular stroke treatment. There is uncertainty about the extent to which these hyperattenuated areas correspond to hemorrhage or contrast agent that extravasated into infarcted parenchyma during angiography. We evaluated whether it is possible to distinguish contrast extravasation from blood on MR imaging. ⋯ It is unlikely that iodinated contrast agents extravasated into infarcted brain parenchyma cause signal changes that mimic hemorrhage on T1WI, T2WI, and T2*WI. Our results imply that extravasated contrast agents can be distinguished from hemorrhage on MR imaging.
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Aug 2016
A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study on White Matter Abnormalities in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics.
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have considerably higher risk of developing cognitive impairment and dementia. WM changes in these patients have been reported. Our aim was to demonstrate that gradual and continuous WM change and the associated cognitive decline in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can be captured by DTI parameters, which can be used to complement neuropsychological test scores in identifying patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without mild cognitive impairment. ⋯ DTI parameters can show a substantial difference between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without mild cognitive impairment, suggesting their potential use as an imaging marker for detecting cognitive decline in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. More important, DTI parameters may capture gradual and continuous WM changes that can be associated with early stages of cognitive decline in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus before they can be diagnosed clinically by using conventional neuropsychological tests.
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Aug 2016
Multicenter StudyGeometric Parameter Analysis of Ruptured and Unruptured Aneurysms in Patients with Symmetric Bilateral Intracranial Aneurysms: A Multicenter CT Angiography Study.
Previous studies of geometric and morphologic parameters of intracranial aneurysms have been conducted to determine rupture risk, which remains incompletely defined due to patient-specific risk factors, such as sex, hypertension, and age. To this end, we compared characteristics of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms in the same patients with symmetric bilateral intracranial aneurysms. ⋯ An aspect ratio of ≥1.6, area ratio of ≥1.5, and irregular wall are associated with aneurysm rupture independent of aneurysm size and patient characteristics. These characteristics alone can help in distinguishing ruptured bilateral intracranial aneurysms from unruptured ones.
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Aug 2016
Cortical Perfusion Alteration in Normal-Appearing Gray Matter Is Most Sensitive to Disease Progression in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.
The role of gray matter in multiple sclerosis is increasingly evident; however, conventional images demonstrate limitations in cortical lesion identification. Perfusion imaging appears sensitive to changes in tissue type and disease severity in MS. We sought to use bookend perfusion to quantify parameters in healthy controls and normal-appearing and lesional tissue at different relapsing-remitting MS stages. ⋯ Quantitative GM and WM analysis demonstrated significant but disproportionate white matter lesion, cortical lesion, normal-appearing white matter, and normal-appearing gray matter changes present between healthy controls and patients with relapsing-remitting MS with and without cognitive impairment, necessitating absolute rather than relative lesion perfusion measurement.
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Aug 2016
Evaluation of Focal Cervical Spinal Cord Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis: Comparison of White Matter-Suppressed T1 Inversion Recovery Sequence versus Conventional STIR and Proton Density-Weighted Turbo Spin-Echo Sequences.
Conventional MR imaging of the cervical spinal cord in MS is challenged by numerous artifacts and interreader variability in lesion counts. This study compares the relatively novel WM-suppressed T1 inversion recovery sequence with STIR and proton density-weighted TSE sequences in the evaluation of cervical cord lesions in patients with MS. ⋯ There is better interreader consistency in the lesion count on the WM-suppressed T1 inversion recovery sequence compared with STIR/proton density-weighted TSE sequences. The focal cord lesions are visualized with better conspicuity due to better contrast ratio and edge sharpness. There are fewer spurious lesions on the WM-suppressed T1 inversion recovery sequence compared with STIR/proton density-weighted TSE. The WM-suppressed T1 inversion recovery sequence could potentially be substituted for either STIR or proton density-weighted TSE sequences in routine clinical protocols.