AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology
-
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Jun 2017
Differentiation of Enhancing Glioma and Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma by Texture-Based Machine Learning.
Accurate preoperative differentiation of primary central nervous system lymphoma and enhancing glioma is essential to avoid unnecessary neurosurgical resection in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a machine-learning algorithm by using texture analysis of contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images for differentiation of primary central nervous system lymphoma and enhancing glioma. ⋯ Support vector machine classification based on textural features of contrast-enhanced T1WI is noninferior to expert human evaluation in the differentiation of primary central nervous system lymphoma and enhancing glioma.
-
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Jun 2017
Noninvasive Assessment of IDH Mutational Status in World Health Organization Grade II and III Astrocytomas Using DWI and DSC-PWI Combined with Conventional MR Imaging.
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) has been shown to have both diagnostic and prognostic implications in gliomas. The purpose of this study was to examine whether DWI and DSC-PWI combined with conventional MR imaging could noninvasively predict IDH mutational status in World Health Organization grade II and III astrocytomas. ⋯ A combination of conventional MR imaging, DWI, and DSC-PWI techniques produces a high sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for predicting IDH mutations in grade II and III astrocytomas. The strategy of using advanced, semiquantitative MR imaging techniques may provide an important, noninvasive, surrogate marker that should be studied further in larger, prospective trials.
-
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · May 2017
Cognitive Implications of Deep Gray Matter Iron in Multiple Sclerosis.
Deep gray matter iron accumulation is increasingly recognized in association with multiple sclerosis and can be measured in vivo with MR imaging. The cognitive implications of this pathology are not well-understood, especially vis-à-vis deep gray matter atrophy. Our aim was to investigate the relationships between cognition and deep gray matter iron in MS by using 2 MR imaging-based iron-susceptibility measures. ⋯ Quantitative susceptibility mapping was more sensitive compared with the transverse relaxation rate in detecting deep gray matter iron accumulation in the current multiple sclerosis cohort. Atrophy and iron accumulation in deep gray matter both have negative but separable relationships to cognition in multiple sclerosis.
-
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · May 2017
Acute Cytotoxic and Vasogenic Edema after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Quantitative MRI Study.
The mechanism of early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage is not well understood. We aimed to evaluate if cytotoxic and vasogenic edema are contributing factors. ⋯ Age-adjusted ADC values were globally increased in patients with SAH compared with controls, even in normal-appearing brain regions, suggesting diffuse vasogenic edema. Cytotoxic edema was also present in patients with SAH and correlated with more severe early brain injury.
-
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · May 2017
ReviewBenign Spine Lesions: Advances in Techniques for Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Treatment.
Minimally invasive percutaneous imaging-guided techniques have been shown to be safe and effective for the treatment of benign tumors of the spine. Techniques available include a variety of tumor ablation technologies, including radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, microwave ablation, alcohol ablation, and laser photocoagulation. ⋯ Painful benign spine lesions commonly encountered in daily practice include osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, vertebral hemangioma, aneurysmal bone cyst, Paget disease, and subacute/chronic Schmorl node. This review discusses the most recent advancement and use of minimally invasive percutaneous therapeutic options for the management of benign spine lesions.