Pediatric cardiology
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Pediatric cardiology · Jan 2003
Case ReportsConcurrent transcatheter closure of an apical muscular ventricular septal defect and a patent ductus arteriosus in a child with severe hyperkinetic pulmonary hypertension.
Definitive treatment of congenital apical muscular ventricular septal defect (VSD) with large left-to-right shunt, severe pulmonary hypertension, and major associated lesions such as patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) has so far been possible only by surgery that has significant attendant morbidity and mortality [2]. Transcatheter device closure of both shunt lesions, if feasible, is a potentially simpler and safer alternative to surgery.
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Pediatric cardiology · Nov 2002
Comparative StudyPerioperative care of the adult with congenital heart disease in a free-standing tertiary pediatric facility.
Adult patients with congenital heart disease are presenting more frequently for cardiac surgery. Frequently, pediatric congenital heart surgeons perform these procedures at pediatric hospitals. Between July 1995 and June 2000, a retrospective review of adult patients (> or = 18 years old) who had undergone cardiothoracic operations was performed. ⋯ Six of 79 (7%) patients were diagnosed with postoperative clinical depression. An acceptable mortality can be achieved when adult patients undergo cardiothoracic operations at a pediatric facility. New-onset arrhythmias necessitating treatment are relatively common, and postoperative clinical depression should be anticipated.
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Pediatric cardiology · Nov 2002
Comparative StudyQT dispersion in infants with apparent life-threatening events syndrome.
Apparent life-threatening event (ALTE) is a term used to define an event of unknown cause after an infant is found limp, cyanotic, bradycardic, and/or requires resuscitation. Eight to 15% of children with ALTE die of sudden infant death syndrome. Obstructive sleep apnea, bradycardia, gastroesophageal reflux, and laryngotracheal abnormalities are frequently associated with ALTE. ⋯ Greater QTc-D was found in males compared to females (p < 0.001). QT-D and QTc-D showed little or no correlation with age of infant or positivity of diagnostic tests. QTc has been found by multiple regression analysis to be the independent variable with the greatest impact on QTc-D (beta = -0.68, p < 0.001).
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Pediatric cardiology · Nov 2002
The incidence of arrhythmias in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit.
A pediatric cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) manages critically ill children and adults with congenital or acquired heart disease. These patients are at increased risk for arrhythmias. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the incidence of arrhythmias in a pediatric CICU patient population. ⋯ The operative mortality was 5.1%. Overall, 29.0% of admissions had one or more arrhythmias the most common arrhythmia was nonsustained VT (18.0% of admissions), followed by nonsustained SVT (12.9% of admissions). Patients admitted to a pediatric CICU have a high incidence of arrhythmias, most likely associated with their underlying pathophysiology and to the breadth of medical and surgical interventions conducted.
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Pediatric cardiology · Sep 2002
Comparative StudyCardiac troponin T: its role in the diagnosis of clinically suspected acute myocarditis and chronic dilated cardiomyopathy in children.
This study was conducted to assess the use of the serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT) level as a noninvasive indicator to differentiate acute myocarditis and chronic dilated cardiomyopathy in pediatric patients. Myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy are clinically difficult to differentiate. Endomyocardial biopsy proved to be quite useful. ⋯ In 2 of 5 cases and in all 4 cases in group 1 and group 2 histopathology was pathologically proved. Levels of cTnT and CK-MB were significantly higher for myocarditis than for dilated cardiomyopathy and left-to-right shunt with CHF. Further study is needed to assess the optimum cTnT level for differentiating both conditions.