Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP
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J Dev Behav Pediatr · Oct 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe effects of hypnosis/guided imagery on the postoperative course of children.
Hypnosis, guided imagery, and relaxation have been shown to improve the postoperative course of adult surgical patients. Children have successfully used hypnosis/guided imagery to significantly reduce the pain associated with invasive procedures and to improve selected medical conditions. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of hypnosis/guided imagery on the postoperative course of pediatric surgical patients. ⋯ Significantly lower postoperative pain ratings and shorter hospital stays occurred for children in the experimental group. State anxiety was decreased for the guided imagery group and increased postoperatively for the control group. This study demonstrates the positive effects of hypnosis/guided imagery for the pediatric surgical patient.
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J Dev Behav Pediatr · Aug 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA firearm safety program for children: they just can't say no.
The purpose of this study was to compare children's play and aggressive behavior with firearms before and after an information-based intervention. Correlates of aggression and gun play were also analyzed. Subjects were 24 pairs of preschool children videotaped for 10 minutes in a structured play setting, in which they had access to a variety of toys and to real and toy guns. ⋯ Results indicated that the intervention was ineffective in modifying the behavior of the children. Regression analyses revealed that access to a parent's firearm was correlated with gun play and that gun play and handling of firearms in the home were correlated with aggressive behavior. The findings in this study represent the first systematic attempt to decrease gun play in children and suggest that information provision alone is an insufficient intervention.
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J Dev Behav Pediatr · Jun 1996
Adolescent mothers and their children: changes in maternal characteristics and child developmental and behavioral outcome at school age.
This study examines stability and change in characteristics of adolescent mothers from their child's infancy to school age, describes cognitive and behavioral characteristics of their children at school age, and reports on the relationship between maternal characteristics and child behavior and development at school age. Cognitive status and childrearing attitudes were assessed in 43 adolescent mothers (mean age 16.3 years) when their children were infants (Time 1) and again when children were school age (Time 2). At school age, mothers also completed the Louisville Behavior Checklist, and children were administered the Slosson Intelligence Test and the Wide Range Achievement Test. ⋯ Mothers' vocabulary at Time 2 and high or increased hostile childrearing attitudes contributed positively to prediction of child IQ. Mothers who still had high scores in authoritarian childrearing attitudes or whose scores increased had children with lower IQs. Changes in attitudes or contemporary measures of attitudes were also related to behavior problems at school age.
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Approximately one million dog bites occur yearly in the United States, and 60% to 70% of these are to children. Although the majority of dog bites are not serious, some are disfiguring or, on rare occasions, fatal. ⋯ This paper reviews the epidemiology of dog bites, examines the conditions under which bites occur, and discusses behavioral factors related to the dog and to the child that determine whether a bite will occur. Dog bites then are compared with other childhood injuries, and strategies for intervening both before and after a dog bite occurs are discussed.
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J Dev Behav Pediatr · Oct 1993
Comparative StudyDevelopmental disabilities among children between birth and 3 years old in the Haifa district: a population study.
The incidence of major neurodevelopmental deficits among children between birth and 3 years of age in the Haifa district was evaluated. Routine standardized developmental screening at the well-baby clinics was employed. The records of all children referred to the only two child developmental centers in the district during a period of 4 years were analyzed. ⋯ The age at diagnosis and associated disorders are discussed. In 30% of the cohort the diagnosis was inaccurate, and a 22% false positive referral rate was noted. A more thorough training in the early diagnosis of psychomotor developmental problems in childhood in the well-baby clinics is indicated.