Journal of tropical pediatrics
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Infection-related mortality affects the overall survival rates of children who are receiving treatment for cancer. The leading cause of mortality is bacteremia and sepsis related to it in febrile neutropenic patients. All positive blood cultures of febrile neutropenic patients treated in the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, between January 1995 and January 2001 were reviewed. ⋯ In Gram-negative bacteremia it was 20 per cent. Gram-negative pathogens, which were resistant to multiple antibiotics, caused the mortality. Drug resistance and mortality due to micro-organisms must be taken into consideration while febrile neutropenia protocols are prepared.
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This is a study of years of potential life lost (YPLL) by children and adolescents aged between 1 month and 19 years who were victims of homicide in Recife during 1997. It also draws a profile of the victims. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was made of death certificates of Recife residents, aged between 1 month and 19 years, occurring during 1997, to identify homicides and the three other most frequent causes of death in the age group, in order to make a profile of homicide victims. ⋯ Homicides were responsible for 59.1 per cent of YPLL, followed by pneumonia, vehicle accidents and other accidents. The risk of losing years of potential life by homicide in the group studied was 27.20 in 1000. These figures show the magnitude of homicides as a cause of premature death and how they have become a public health problem.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Impact of vitamin A supplementation through different dosages of red palm oil and retinol palmitate on preschool children.
Red palm oil (5 ml and 10 ml), ground nut oil fortified with 400 and 800 retinol equivalent retinol palmitate, and ground nut oil (5 and 10 ml), were administered to six groups of preschool children (four experimental and two control groups) in randomly assigned balwadis of Ramanathapuram District of Tamil Nadu for a period of 7 months, to monitor the difference in the efficacy of the mode of supplementation and the optimum dose for improving vitamin A status. Results show that red palm oil groups recorded more gain in retinol and beta-carotene levels compared to other dosage groups, and that administration of 10 ml did not offer any substantial improvement over the 5-ml daily dose.
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This study was designed to assess the value of procalcitonin in establishing the diagnosis and evaluating the prognosis of neonatal sepsis. Thirty-four infants with neonatal sepsis were included in the study. Procalcitonin values of the cases with sepsis were (2.21 +/- 2.48 ng/ml) significantly higher than the values in the control group (0.71 +/- 0.5 ng/ml; p = 0.01). ⋯ Initial mean procalcitonin levels of the cases resulting in death were 4.31 +/- 3.66 g/ml. This was significantly higher than the initial values of the patients who had clinical recovery (1.18 +/- 1.24 ng/ml;p = 0.02). Procalcitonin is a valuable marker for diagnosis, for evaluating prognosis and response to therapy in neonatal sepsis.
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Letter Comparative Study
Comparison of lytic cocktail, chloral hydrate and midazolam for pediatric sedation.