Kidney international
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The overall effect of fruit and vegetable intake on urinary stone risk profile is not yet known. ⋯ The total elimination of fruits and vegetables in normal subjects brings about adverse changes in the urinary stone risk profile that are only partially counterbalanced by a reduction in oxalate. In contrast, the addition of these foods to the diet of hypocitraturic stone formers not used to eating them not only significantly increases citrate excretion without affecting oxalate excretion, but also decreases calcium oxalate and uric acid relative saturation.
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Kidney international · Oct 2004
Multicenter StudySpectrum of acute renal failure in the intensive care unit: the PICARD experience.
Acute renal failure (ARF) in the critically ill is associated with extremely high mortality rates. Understanding the changing spectrum of ARF will be necessary to facilitate quality improvement efforts and to design successful interventional trials. ⋯ There is a changing spectrum of ARF in the critically ill, characterized by a large burden of comorbid disease and extensive extrarenal complications, obligating the need for dialysis in the majority of patients. There is wide variation across institutions in patient characteristics and practice patterns. These differences highlight the need for additional multicenter observational and interventional studies in ARF.
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Kidney international · Oct 2004
Impact of hemodialysis on endogenous plasma and muscle carnitine levels in patients with end-stage renal disease.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment have reduced plasma L-carnitine levels; however, the relationship between dialysis age and carnitine status is poorly understood. This study examined the relationship between duration of dialysis and plasma and skeletal muscle concentrations of L-carnitine and its esters in ESRD patients. ⋯ Long-term hemodialysis treatment is associated with a significant reduction in endogenous plasma and muscle L-carnitine levels and a significant increase in plasma acylcarnitines. The majority of the change in plasma L-carnitine concentrations occurs within the first few months of hemodialysis, while muscle levels continue to decline after 12 months of treatment.
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Kidney international · Sep 2004
Multicenter StudyDuffy antigen receptor and genetic susceptibility of African Americans to acute rejection and delayed function.
The unique distribution of the alleles for the Duffy antigen receptor complex (DARC) that binds to chemokines may be associated with the rates of acute rejection and delayed allograft function (DGF) among African Americans. ⋯ The susceptibility of African American recipients to acute rejection and to DGF was not confirmed to be associated with DARC alleles or genotype. Future studies should exclude a potential role of donor-related DARC in transplant outcomes.
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Kidney international · Sep 2004
Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialEarly detection of acute renal failure by serum cystatin C.
Acute renal failure (ARF) is associated with high mortality. Presently, no specific therapy for ARF exists. Therefore, early detection of ARF is critical to prevent its progression. However, serum creatinine, the standard marker to detect ARF, demonstrates major limitations. We prospectively evaluated whether serum cystatin C detected ARF earlier than serum creatinine. ⋯ Serum cystatin C is a useful detection marker of ARF, and may detect ARF one to two days earlier than creatinine.