Kidney international
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Kidney international · Apr 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA placebo-controlled trial examining atorvastatin in dyslipidemic patients undergoing CAPD.
Individuals with chronic renal disease are at high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and therefore the management of dyslipidemia is particularly important in this patient population. This double-blind randomized study investigated the efficacy and safety of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, atorvastatin, in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients with dyslipidemia. ⋯ Atorvastatin was effective in achieving target LDL-cholesterol levels in a high proportion of the dyslipidemic CAPD patients studied at doses that are well tolerated.
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Kidney international · Mar 2002
Effect of acute iNOS inhibition on glomerular function in tubulointerstitial nephritis.
Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is characterized by progressive inflammatory infiltrate of the renal interstitium, induction of cortical tubular inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and reductions in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). These studies were designed to examine the changes in glomerular hemodynamics 7 and 21 days after induction of TIN and to evaluate the effect of acute iNOS blockade on glomerular function in the early stages of this model. ⋯ These results demonstrate that TIN is associated with a progressive reduction in GFR, which is likely the result of functional vasoconstriction and decreases in the ultrafiltration coefficient in the early stages of the disease and on a significant reduction in the number of functioning nephron in the later stages. Induction of iNOS with increased NO production actively participates in the functional changes observed in the early stages of the disease most likely by inhibiting normal endothelial NOS activity.
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Kidney international · Mar 2002
Propionyl-L-carnitine prevents renal function deterioration due to ischemia/reperfusion.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury after organ transplantation is a major cause of delayed graft function. Prevention of post-transplant ischemia acute renal failure is still elusive. ⋯ These data indicate that propionyl-l-carnitine is of value in preventing decline of renal function that occurs during ischemia-reperfusion. The beneficial effect of propionyl-l-carnitine possibly relates to lowering lipid peroxidation and free radical generation that eventually results in the preservation of tubular cell structure. The efficacy of propionyl-l-carnitine to modulate ischemia-reperfusion injury in these models opens new perspectives for preventing post-transplant delayed graft function.
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Kidney international · Mar 2002
In vivo detection of acute rat renal allograft rejection by MRI with USPIO particles.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for non-invasively detecting renal rejection was developed by monitoring the accumulation of macrophages labeled with dextran-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) particles at the rat renal allografts during acute rejection. ⋯ Our results suggest that MRI with intravenous administration of dextran-coated USPIO particles appears to be a valuable and promising tool that can be used as a non-invasive and sensitive method to detect graft rejection in renal transplantation.
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Kidney international · Feb 2002
Pulse pressure and risk of total mortality and cardiovascular events in patients on chronic hemodialysis.
Pulse pressure (PP) has been shown as a risk factor for mortality or cardiovascular events in several studies. However, the impact of PP on prognosis in a cohort of chronic hemodialysis patients has not been sufficiently studied. We examined the effect of PP on total mortality and cardiovascular events in chronic hemodialysis patients, and whether PP adds useful value to systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) for predicting total mortality and cardiovascular events in chronic hemodialysis patients. ⋯ In non-diabetic patients on chronic hemodialysis, PP was an independent predictor of total mortality. PP was more potent predictor of total mortality than SBP or DBP. For predicting cardiovascular events, SBP was superior to PP or DBP.