American journal of nephrology
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Observational Study
Independent Risk Factors and 2-Year Outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury after Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease.
Data are limited regarding risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). This observational study was performed to examine temporal trends in AKI incidence according to the Pediatric Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, End-Stage Renal Disease (pRIFLE) criteria, identify independent risk factors for AKI after cardiac surgery, and examine associations between AKI and long-term mortality. ⋯ Postoperative AKI was strongly associated with young age, high RACHS-1 category, and prolonged CPB time. In addition, mortality rate was higher in patients who survived after recovery from AKI than in those without AKI, even among the lower pRIFLE categories.
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Previous studies on end-of-life (EOL) care among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been largely limited to White hemodialysis patients. In this study, we sought to explore racial variability in EOL communication, care preferences and advance care planning (ACP) among patients with advanced CKD prior to decisions regarding the initiation of dialysis. ⋯ As Black and White patients with advanced CKD differ in areas of EOL communication, preferences, and hospice knowledge, future efforts should aim to improve patient understanding and promote informed decision-making.
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Kidney injury, including chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury, is a worldwide health problem. Hypoxia and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) are well-known factors that promote kidney injury. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and SMAD3 are their main downstream transcriptional factors. Hypoxia-HIF pathway and TGF-β/SMAD3 pathway play a crucial role in the progression of kidney injury. However, reports on their interactions are limited, and the global transcriptional regulation under their control is almost unknown. ⋯ These findings suggest that HIF-1α induced by hypoxia activates the TGF-β/SMAD3 pathway. This mechanism may promote kidney injury, especially by upregulating genes related to fibrosis.
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Vascular calcification is a risk factor for causing cardiovascular events and has a high prevalence among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this pathogenic process is still obscure. ⋯ These results suggest that β-catenin is an important player in high phosphorus level-induced aortic calcification in CKD.
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Review Meta Analysis
Acute kidney injury after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). ⋯ Our meta-analysis demonstrates an association between TAVR and lower AKI risk.