American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation
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Multicenter Study
Association of serum bicarbonate with risk of renal and cardiovascular outcomes in CKD: a report from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) study.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate serum bicarbonate level as a risk factor for renal outcomes, cardiovascular events, and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). ⋯ In a cohort of participants with CKD, low serum bicarbonate level was an independent risk factor for kidney disease progression, particularly for participants with preserved kidney function. The risk of heart failure was higher at the upper extreme of serum bicarbonate levels. There was no association between serum bicarbonate level and all-cause mortality or atherosclerotic events.
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Unlike the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) arachidonic acid (AA), n-3-PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) appear to have beneficial effects on inflammation, thrombosis, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We examined possible alterations in serum PUFA profiles in patients on maintenance hemodialysis therapy and its association with CVD risk. ⋯ In hemodialysis patients, serum PUFA profile is unfavorably altered, and the low n-3-PUFA:AA ratios are independent predictors of CVD.
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Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by renal tubular cell proliferation and dedifferentiation, which may influence tubular secretion of creatinine (CCr[TS]). ⋯ CCr(TS) in patients with ADPKD is higher than that in controls, but this effect is limited and observed at only high-normal mGFR. Consequently, the CKD-EPI and MDRD Study equations perform relatively well in estimating GFR and change in GFR in patients with ADPKD.
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Dabigatran is an oral direct thrombin inhibitor indicated for thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Since its approval in the United States in 2010, dabigatran-associated hemorrhages have garnered much attention because bleeding rates were higher than initially expected. Additionally, reversing anticoagulation remains challenging. ⋯ Although his serum dabigatran concentration rebounded to 100 ng/mL 20 minutes after the cessation of dialysis, his bleeding stopped and he improved clinically. Hemorrhage in the setting of dabigatran anticoagulation remains a therapeutic predicament. Hemodialysis may play an adjunct role in accelerating the elimination of dabigatran in bleeding patients.