Clinics in sports medicine
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In boxing, along with a few other sports, trauma is inherent to the nature of the sport; therefore it is considered a high-risk sport for ocular injuries. The long-term morbidity of ocular injuries suffered by boxers is difficult to estimate due to the lack of structured long-term follow-up of these athletes. Complications of blunt ocular trauma may develop years after the athlete has retired from the ring and is no longer considered to be at risk for boxing-related injuries. This article describes the wide range of eye injuries a boxer can sustain, and their immediate and long-term clinical management.
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This article provides a review of current trends in the management of sports-related concussion. An evidence-based approach to concussion management is presented with a specific focus on return-to-play issues. The use of neuropsychological testing and other diagnostic tools is presented and reviewed.
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The role of biceps tendon as a source of shoulder pain and pathology has been well documented in orthopedic literature. Recently, interest in the long head of the biceps tendon has been renewed as its association with subscapularis lesions, superior labral anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesions, rotator cuff pathology, impingement, and pulley or "hidden" lesions of the rotator interval are demonstrated. Advances in imaging and arthroscopy have increased our breadth of knowledge about the anatomy, pathology, and role of the biceps tendon. Management and treatment methods have evolved with improved patient selection and proper diagnosis of long head biceps pathology.
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Treatment-based classification, one approach to subgrouping patients with "nonspecific" lower back pain, focuses on identifying clusters of findings from the history and clinical examination that predict a more favorable outcome with a specific treatment approach. By matching patients with the appropriate specific exercise, stabilization exercise, spinal manipulation, or traction treatment, providers may expect a high probability of a successful clinical outcome. This article reviews the evidence for various interventions commonly used in the treatment of lower back pain.
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Fractures in the dance population are common. Radiography, CT, MRI, and bone scan should be used as necessary to arrive at the correct diagnosis after meticulous physical examination. ⋯ Stress fractures in particular can present difficulties to the treating physician and may require prolonged treatment periods. This article addresses stress fractures of the fibula, calcaneus, navicular, and second metatarsal; fractures of the fifth metatarsal, sesamoids, and phalanges; and dislocation of toes.