Veterinary surgery : VS
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Veterinary surgery : VS · Jan 1991
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAnalgesia in dogs after intercostal thoracotomy. A comparison of morphine, selective intercostal nerve block, and interpleural regional analgesia with bupivacaine.
Three postoperative analgesic protocols were assigned randomly to 24 healthy dogs after thoracotomy at the left fourth intercostal space. Morphine was administered parenterally to eight dogs after tracheal extubation; selective intercostal nerve blocks with bupivacaine hydrochloride and epinephrine were administered to eight dogs before closure of the thorax; and bupivacaine hydrochloride and epinephrine were administered through an interpleural catheter to eight dogs after tracheal extubation. Heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, hematocrit, plasma protein, blood gas, and pain score evaluations were recorded before surgery and 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours after extubation. ⋯ Bupivacaine was easily readministered through an interpleural catheter. Respiratory compromise was less in dogs treated with bupivacaine than in dogs treated with morphine. After intercostal thoracotomy, interpleural bupivacaine provided prolonged analgesia with fewer blood gas alterations than morphine.
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The clinical usefulness of two pulse oximeters was evaluated at two probe sites in nine anesthetized horses. The hemoglobin saturation determined by the pulse oximeters (SaOx) was compared with the hemoglobin saturation calculated from the measured arterial oxygen tension (SaO2). The mean and standard deviation (SD) were calculated from the differences in saturation measurements, over the saturation range of 80% to 100%, for each oximeter used at the tongue probe site and for one oximeter used at the ear. ⋯ Each oximeter used at the tongue produced limits of agreement of +1% to -8%, which meant that 95% of the SaOx values were 1 percentage point above or 8 percentage points below the SaO2. The variability of the differences and limits of agreement were larger when the ear was used as the probe site and at saturations less than 80%. Although both oximeters tended to underestimate the SaO2, they appeared to be clinically useful in detecting changes in arterial hemoglobin saturation.
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Veterinary surgery : VS · Jan 1989
ReviewThe combination of surgery and radiation in the treatment of cancer. A review.
Although radiation and surgery have been combined for the treatment of cancer in humans and animals since the 1920s, little has been written about the methods of combining radiation and surgery and the efficacy of this combination for the treatment of animal tumors. This article reviews the rationale for combining radiation and surgery for the treatment of cancer and the ways in which these two modalities can be combined with emphasis placed on the advantages and disadvantages of preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy. ⋯ Directions for future clinical trials are pointed out. Finally, the importance of surgeons and radiation oncologists communicating with each other and participating in cooperative treatment methods is stressed.
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Veterinary surgery : VS · Jul 1988
Chlorhexidine diacetate and povidone-iodine cytotoxicity to canine embryonic fibroblasts and Staphylococcus aureus.
Chlorhexidine diacetate and povidone-iodine were evaluated for fibroblast toxicity on a primary line of canine embryonic fibroblasts, and for bactericidal efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus. The cultured fibroblasts or S. aureus were exposed for 30 minutes to incremental dilutions of 0.5 and 0.0005% chlorhexidine diacetate, 5.0 to 0.05% povidone-iodine, or physiologic buffered saline as a control. To determine survival, fibroblasts were trypsinized and counted; S. aureus colonies were counted on brain-heart infusion agar. ⋯ Fibroblast survival occurred at chlorhexidine concentrations less than 0.013% and at povidone-iodine concentrations less than 0.5% (p less than 0.05). Significant S. aureus survival (p less than 0.05) was noted at chlorhexidine concentrations less than 0.05% and povidone-iodine concentrations less than 1.0%. These data showed that all bactericidal concentrations of chlorhexidine diacetate and povidone-iodine were lethal to canine embryonic fibroblasts in vitro, whereas non-lethal concentrations allowed significant bacterial survival.
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Veterinary surgery : VS · Jan 1988
Comparative StudyCapnographic monitoring during anesthesia with controlled ventilation in the horse.
Forty-five horses were maintained on halothane or isoflurane anesthesia for at least 90 minutes and received positive pressure ventilation after the first 30 minutes of anesthesia. Parameters monitored included end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (ETPCO2), arterial blood pressure, and arterial blood gases and pH. ⋯ No statistically significant difference was found in arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide difference nor in alveolar dead space because of time or positioning over anesthetic periods of up to 3 hours. It is concluded that end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring is a satisfactory measure of changes in respiratory acid-base balance with inhalation anesthesia in horses when ventilation is controlled.