Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache
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Migraine headache is one of the most common primary headache disorders and is three times more prevalent in women than in men, especially during the reproductive ages. The neurobiological basis of the female dominance has been partly established. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of gender on the headache manifestations in migraine patients. ⋯ Gender has an influence on the characteristics of the headache as well as on the associated symptoms in migraine patients, and this impact varies across the age groups, particularly in women.
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Cognitive difficulties contribute to patients' disability during migraine attacks and have been overlooked in migraine research. Neuropsychological studies performed during attacks have produced inconsistent findings due to design differences and limitations. ⋯ Cognitive performance decreases during migraine attacks, especially in reading and processing speed, verbal memory and learning, supporting patients' subjective complaints. These findings suggest the existence of a reversible brain dysfunction during attacks of migraine without aura, which can relate specifically to migraine or be a consequence of acute pain processing by the brain.
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The objective of this article is to test the hypothesis that cognitive reserve (CR) is related to migraine chronification, medication overuse and poor quality of life in migraineurs. ⋯ Low CR appears to be an independent factor associated with the deterioration of quality of life, the presence of anxiety and depression, and drug dependence and medication overuse in CM-MOH.
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Although medication-overuse headache (MOH) is common in China, its clinical profile is not yet fully established. Meanwhile, ICHD-3 beta has been published, but its diagnostic criteria require further validation. ⋯ MOH in China is associated with lower educational level and annual income. MOH has rarely been diagnosed and correctly treated in China. ICHD-3 beta appears to be more appropriate for the diagnosis of MOH than previous versions.