Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
BMS-927711 for the acute treatment of migraine: a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled, dose-ranging trial.
BMS-927711 is a potent, selective, competitive human calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist that has shown in vivo efficacy without vasoconstrictor effect. The objective of the current study was to determine an effective and tolerable dose range of BMS-927711 for the acute treatment of migraine. ⋯ BMS-927711 is superior to placebo at several different doses (75 mg, 150 mg, and 300 mg) and has an excellent tolerability profile.
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Headache is one of the most common and persistent symptoms following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The current study examines the prevalence and characteristics of headache following mild TBI (mTBI). ⋯ Headache after mTBI is very common and persistent across the first year after injury. Assertive, early treatment may be warranted to avoid chronicity and disability. Further research is needed to determine whether post-traumatic headache (PTH) responds to headache treatment used in the primary headache disorders and whether chronic PTH is preventable.
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Infusion of glyceryltrinitrate (GTN), a nitric oxide (NO) donor, in awake, freely moving rats closely mimics a universally accepted human model of migraine and responds to sumatriptan treatment. Here we analyse the effect of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) systems on the GTN-induced neuronal activation in this model. ⋯ The present study indicates that blockers of CGRP, NOS and NK-1 receptors all inhibit GTN induced Fos activation. These findings also predict that pre-treatment with olcegepant may be a better option than post-treatment to study its inhibitory effect in GTN migraine models.
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The aim of this article is to investigate the vascular safety profile of triptans through an analysis of the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FDA_AERS) database with a special focus on serious and unexpected adverse events. ⋯ Our analysis revealed three main groups of unexpected associations between triptans and serious vascular events: ischaemic cerebrovascular events, aneurysms and artery dissections, and pregnancy-related vascular events. A case-by-case assessment is needed to confirm or disprove their plausibility and large-scale analytical studies should be planned for risk rate estimation. In the meantime, clinicians should pay special attention to migraine diagnosis and vascular risk assessment before prescribing a triptan, also promptly reporting any unexpected event to pharmacovigilance systems.
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Multicenter Study
Prevalence of right-to-left shunts on transcranial Doppler in chronic migraine and medication-overuse headache.
It was suggested that right-to-left shunt (RLS) may be highly prevalent in chronic migraine (CM) patients, indicating that patent foramen ovale (PFO) might be an aggravating and chronifying factor of migraine. Since a high proportion of chronic migraineurs also have medication-overuse headache (MOH), one may wonder if they have a more severe form of the disorder and more frequently a PFO. ⋯ RLS prevalence in CM is within the upper range of those reported in episodic migraine without aura or in the general population, and not higher in MOH. PFO is thus unlikely to have a significant causal role in these chronic headaches.