Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Osmophobia in migraine classification: a multicentre study in juvenile patients.
This study was planned to investigate the diagnostic utility of osmophobia as criterion for migraine without aura (MO) as proposed in the Appendix (A1.1) of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-II, 2004). ⋯ In conclusion, this study demonstrates that this new approach, proposed in the Appendix (A1.1), appears easy to apply and should improve the diagnostic standard of ICHD-II in young patients too.
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Tension-type headache (TTH) is a headache in which musculoskeletal impairments of the craniocervical region may play an important role in its pathogenesis. We investigated the presence of myofascial, postural and mechanical abnormalities in patients with frequent episodic and chronic tension-type headache (ETTH and CTTH, respectively). ⋯ Active MTrPs in the craniocervical region contribute to triggering or maintenance of TTH and posture or neck mobility may be a result of chronic headache.
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Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene and is clinically characterized by recurrent stroke, cognitive decline, psychiatric disturbances and migraine. The prevalence of migraine in CADASIL is slightly higher than in the general population, and the proportion of migraine with aura is much higher. The pathophysiological mechanism that leads to increased aura prevalence in CADASIL is unknown. ⋯ It is also possible that the brainstem migraine area is involved in CADASIL. Last, it is possible that the NOTCH3 mutation acts as a migraine aura susceptibility gene by itself. In this narrative review we summarize the literature about migraine in CADASIL, with a special focus on what CADASIL might teach us about the pathophysiology of migraine.
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Pneumoceles of the paranasal sinuses are a very rare condition; characterized by a distended air-filled paranasal sinus extending beyond the margins of the paranasal bone, with bony defects and extension of air into the surrounding soft tissues. Also, spontaneous pneumo-cephalus is a rare condition which represented only 0.6% in the largest reported series of pneumocephalus. Although pneumocephalus caused by sinogenic origins, such as osteoma, has been reported, spontaneous pneumocephalus has not been reported as a complication associated with pneumocele of the frontal sinus. ⋯ Although pneumocele of the frontal sinus is a very rare condition, it can develop into spontaneous pneumocephalus, and thus it needs to be included in the differential diagnosis of acute severe headache.
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Case Reports
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome in two patients with a carotid glomus tumour.
We report two patients with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) and carotid glomus tumour. The first patient presented with multiple thunderclap headaches. Cervical and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse cerebral vasoconstriction on magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) and a carotid glomus tumour. ⋯ Both had normal cerebral arteries on the control MRA at 3 months. These two cases suggest that a paraganglioma may increase the susceptibility to develop RCVS. As a consequence, patients with RCVS should be investigated for a carotid glomus tumour, and patients with paraganglioma reporting severe headaches should have a cerebral MRA in order to rule out cerebral vasoconstriction.