Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. · Apr 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffect of dexmedetomidine injected into the oral mucosa in combination with lidocaine on local anesthetic potency in humans: a crossover double-blind study.
Recently, attention has been paid to dexmedetomidine, a selective α-2 adrenoceptor agonist, as a possible additive for local anesthesia. However, the effect of locally injected dexmedetomidine on the anesthetic action in humans has not fully been clarified. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine injected into the oral mucosa in combination with lidocaine on local anesthetic potency in humans. ⋯ The present study showed that a combination of dexmedetomidine plus lidocaine considerably enhances the local anesthetic potency of lidocaine without any major influences on the cardiovascular system when locally injected into the oral mucosa.
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J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. · Apr 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA double-blind randomized study evaluating the effect of intra-alveolar chlorhexidine gel on alveolar osteitis after removal of mandibular third molars.
The main purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether intra-alveolar chlorhexidine (CHX) gel is an effective preventative treatment for alveolar osteitis (AO), as has been strongly suggested by previous investigators. Another goal was to evaluate whether there is a correlation between the use of analgesics during the postoperative week and the development of AO, a correlation that could be a supplement to the commonly used diagnostic criteria for AO. ⋯ The present study did not verify that application of CHX gel improves healing after removal of impacted third molars. The patients' postoperative analgesic intake reflected the development of AO.
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J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. · Apr 2015
Comparative StudyComputer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing cutting guides and customized titanium plates are useful in upper maxilla waferless repositioning.
The purpose of the present study was to develop a computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technique that enabled fabrication of surgical cutting guides and titanium fixation plates that would allow the upper maxilla to be repositioned correctly without a surgical splint in orthognathic patients. ⋯ These results tend to confirm that the use of CAD-CAM cutting guides and customized titanium plates for upper maxilla repositioning represents a promising method for the accurate reproduction of preoperative virtual planning without the use of surgical splints.
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J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. · Apr 2015
Sensory outcomes after reconstruction of lingual and inferior alveolar nerve discontinuities using processed nerve allograft--a case series.
The present study describes the results of using a processed nerve allograft, Avance Nerve Graft, as an extracellular matrix scaffold for the reconstruction of lingual nerve (LN) and inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) discontinuities. ⋯ These results suggest that processed nerve allografts are an acceptable treatment option for reconstructing trigeminal nerve discontinuities. Additional studies will focus on reviewing the outcomes of additional cases.
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J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. · Apr 2015
Coronectomy of the mandibular third molar: a retrospective study of 185 procedures and the decision to repeat the coronectomy in cases of failure.
A prevalent complication associated with mandibular third molar extraction is inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury. This study evaluated the success rate of coronectomy and, in the event of failure of the procedure, retreatment. ⋯ Immediate postoperative radiographic imaging is recommended, as well as, follow-up evaluation 12 months after surgery. In addition, repeat coronectomy is recommended for cases in which enamel retention is diagnosed to prevent residual roots from becoming infected.