Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. · Jun 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe effect of an ibuprofen-codeine combination for the treatment of patients with pain after removal of lower third molars.
A double-blind randomized crossover analgesic trial was carried out on 70 patients undergoing surgical removal of one lower third molar at each visit. The analgesic efficacy of a two-dose regimen of the combination ibuprofen-codeine, 400 to 60 mg, was compared with ibuprofen, 400 mg. Each of the two doses was taken when the patient needed pain relief and the pain intensity was measured on a visual analog scale during the 10-hour period after the first medication. ⋯ The difference in pain reduction index (pain reduction X duration of effect) between the two treatments was significant in favor of the combination, whereas the separate variables of pain reduction and duration of effect were not significantly different. The mean pain reduction was 67% after doses 1 and 2 for patients on ibuprofen-codeine and 52% for those on ibuprofen; the mean duration of effect was 9.4 and 9.2 hours, respectively. For doses 1 and 2, the difference in pain reduction index per dose between the two treatments was significant but not the difference for the separate variables, pain reduction, and duration of effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. · May 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of rectal midazolam and diazepam for premedication in pediatric dental patients.
Rectally administered midazolam (0.35 mg/kg) and diazepam (0.70 mg/kg) were compared with each other and with placebo for preanesthetic medication in children undergoing dental extractions. All rectal medications were very well accepted, but mask acceptance, improvement in anxiety, and sedation were best in the midazolam group. Improvement in anxiety and sedation were significantly better in the two drug groups than in those patients who had received placebo. ⋯ Although these decreases differed significantly from the premedication values, they were probably of little clinical importance. Only minor adverse effects were observed in this study. Overall rectally administered midazolam appeared to be somewhat more efficacious than diazepam.
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J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. · Apr 1993
Editorial Historical ArticleGeneral anesthesia: dentistry's contribution to mankind.
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J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. · Dec 1992
ReviewKetorolac tromethamine: an oral/injectable nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory for postoperative pain control.
Ketorolac tromethamine is a new injectable/oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic with no apparent opiate receptor activity that has been administered alone and in combination with other opiate analgesics for the treatment of postoperative pain. The drug has shown promise in analgesic comparisons with morphine sulfate; it lacks the effects of respiratory depression and nausea and vomiting usually associated with narcotic agents. Intramuscular ketorolac may be particularly useful with those patients who have respiratory disease and patients being dismissed following short ambulatory or private-office anesthetic procedures.