American journal of clinical oncology
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Am. J. Clin. Oncol. · Dec 2008
Brain metastasis is an early manifestation of distant failure in stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer patients treated with radical chemoradiation therapy.
To evaluate the patterns of distant relapse, focusing on brain metastasis, in patients with stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with radical chemoradiation therapy (CRT). ⋯ Stage III NSCLC patients treated with CRT have high risks of brain metastasis which persist during the first 10 months after diagnosis. Studies evaluating cranial prophylaxis will be relevant for these patients, particularly during this early period. Novel systemic therapies continue to be needed because non-brain metastases still represent the majority of distant recurrences.
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Am. J. Clin. Oncol. · Dec 2008
Bone-targeted therapy: phase II study of strontium-89 in combination with alternating weekly chemohormonal therapies for patients with advanced androgen-independent prostate cancer.
Bone-targeted therapy that combines strontium-89 (Sr-89) with alternating weekly chemohormonal therapy may improve clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer. This phase II study investigated the addition of Sr-89 to an alternating weekly regimen of doxorubicin and ketoconazole with paclitaxel and estramustine in patients with progressive prostate cancer and bone involvement. ⋯ Our results demonstrate that the combination of alternating weekly chemohormonal therapies with Sr-89 demonstrates a prolonged progression-free and overall survival with acceptable toxicity. Further investigation of combination therapies with Sr-89 is warranted.
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Am. J. Clin. Oncol. · Oct 2008
Comparative StudyTobacco, antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress, and genetic susceptibility in oral cancer.
Oral cancer accounts third of all malignancies in India. Tobacco use, the major etiological factor for oral cancer is known to generate free radicals resulting in alterations in antioxidant enzymes like, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase as well as lipid peroxidation and total thiol. Therefore, it is of fundamental importance to evaluate the role of tobacco and antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers in oral carcinogenesis. ⋯ The study showed risk of oral cancer development in habitual controls with lower antioxidant enzymes, lower oxidative stress markers, and higher lifetime tobacco exposure. Individuals with GSTM1 null genotype may be at higher risk of oral cancer development.
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Am. J. Clin. Oncol. · Oct 2008
The impact of resection margin status and postoperative CA19-9 levels on survival and patterns of recurrence after postoperative high-dose radiotherapy with 5-FU-based concurrent chemotherapy for resectable pancreatic cancer.
To analyze the impact of surgical margins and other clinicopathological data on treatment outcomes on 75 patients treated from 1999 to 2006 by initial potentially curative surgery (+/- intraoperative radiotherapy), followed by high-dose 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy and concomitant fluoropyrimidine-based chemoradiotherapy. ⋯ Using this fluoropyrimidine-based chemoradiotherapy regimen after surgical resection (+/- intraoperative radiotherapy), positive surgical margins and an elevated (2-fold) postoperative serum CA19-9 level predicted for reduced survival and early development of distant metastatic disease.
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Am. J. Clin. Oncol. · Oct 2008
The utility of 18-F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in evaluation of bone marrow involvement by non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
In non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), the bone marrow (BM) involvement is a sign of extensive disease and the iliac crest BM biopsy (BMB) is the established method for the detection of BM infiltration. However, iliac crest BMB is associated with a high rate of false negative results. We assess the ability of 18-F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-FDG PET) scan to ascertain the presence of BM involvement in NHL. ⋯ F-FDG PET scan shows potential to detect BM involvement in NHL. In particular, image-guided repeat BMB should be considered in patients with negative initial iliac crest BMB, whose F-FDG PET scan demonstrates BM involvement in a different site.