Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Improving medication adherence in stroke survivors: mediators and moderators of treatment effects.
The purpose of the current study was to test theory-based predictions of mediators and moderators of treatment effects of a pilot randomized controlled trial, which aimed to increase adherence to preventive medication in stroke survivors via addressing both automatic (i.e., habitual responses) and reflective (i.e., beliefs and value systems) aspects of medication-taking behavior. ⋯ Addressing both automatic and reflective aspects of behavior via helping stroke survivors develop planned regular routines for medication-taking, and addressing any concerns or misconceptions about their medication, can improve adherence and thus potentially patient outcomes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Physical activity as a mediator linking neighborhood environmental supports and obesity in African Americans in the path trial.
African Americans have the highest rates of obesity in the United States. Engaging in recommended levels of physical activity (PA) reduces risk for obesity. Social and environmental supports for PA may be important to increase PA. This study hypothesized that PA would mediate the effects of neighborhood and social supports for PA on body mass index (BMI). ⋯ Findings suggest that MVPA is a mediator linking infrastructure for walking and BMI in underserved communities.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Daily self-weighing within a lifestyle intervention: impact on disordered eating symptoms.
To determine whether daily self-weighing (DSW) is associated with disordered eating (DE) symptoms within an adult lifestyle intervention (LI), and to examine changes in DE symptoms during the 18-month trial. ⋯ Daily self-weighing did not appear to be related to increased disordered eating behavior and was associated with better weight loss outcomes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Cancer-related intrusive thoughts predict behavioral symptoms following breast cancer treatment.
Behavioral symptoms are common in breast cancer survivors, including disturbances in energy, sleep, and mood, though few risk factors for these negative outcomes have been identified. Our study examined intrusive thoughts as a predictor of lingering symptoms in breast cancer survivors in the year following treatment. ⋯ Intrusive thoughts are associated with enduring elevations in behavioral symptoms and impaired quality of life in the year after breast cancer treatment and may be a risk factor for poor outcomes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Social cognitive mediators of the effect of the MobileMums intervention on physical activity.
To explore whether improvements in physical activity following the MobileMums intervention were mediated by changes in Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) constructs targeted in the intervention (barrier self efficacy, goal setting skills, outcome expectancy, social support, and perceived environmental opportunity for exercise). This paper also examined if the mediating constructs differed between initial (baseline to 6 weeks) and overall (baseline to 13 weeks) changes in physical activity. ⋯ Future interventions with postnatal women using SCT should target barrier self-efficacy and goal setting skills in order to increase physical activity.