Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Sonographic inferior vena cava measurements to assess hydration status in college football players during preseason camp.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether sonographic measurement of the inferior vena cava (IVC) in college football players during preseason camp is a reliable way to detect and monitor dehydration. Our primary hypothesis was that IVC diameter measurements, the postpractice caval index, and expiratory diameter were significantly related to percent weight loss after a preseason football practice. ⋯ The postpractice expiratory IVC diameter was significantly related to percent weight loss after practice, whereas the caval index was not found to correlate with weight loss.
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Right ventricular (RV) performance parameters (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, systolic longitudinal velocity on tissue Doppler imaging, fractional area change, and tissue and 2-dimensional [2D] strain on the right free wall) have been validated. In comparative studies, they have been correlated with the prognosis of patients with heart failure on radionuclide ventriculography and thermodilution in right heart catheterization. This study aimed to evaluate RV systolic function in patients with heart failure with no or mild RV dysfunction and correlate the above-mentioned echocardiographic parameters with the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-calculated RV ejection fraction (RVEF), stroke volume, end-diastolic volume, and end-systolic volume. ⋯ Echocardiographic RV performance parameters (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, systolic longitudinal velocity, tissue strain, and 2D strain) correlated with the MRI-calculated RVEF and overall predicted it. In particular, RV 2D strain and tissue strain were good markers for RV longitudinal motions. These echocardiographic parameters are easily obtained and may give important information about RV function for evaluation and prognostic stratification of patients with heart failure.
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The primary purpose of this investigation was to describe and validate a sonographically guided technique for injecting the sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) using a cadaveric model. ⋯ Sonographically guided SCJ injections can be considered in the diagnosis and management of patients presenting with medial shoulder pain syndromes and, using the technique described herein, have a predilection to target the clavicular portion of the joint. In younger patients with possible complete intra-articular disks or in patients with sternal-side conditions, practitioners should consider confirming sternal-side flow after injection or attempt to specifically target the sternal side of the joint.
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Routine sonography of the middle cerebral artery in acute ischemic stroke usually focuses on the main stem (M1 segment). However, stenoses and occlusions affect not only proximal but also more distal vessel branches, such as the M2 segments. Transcranial color-coded duplex sonography allows visualization of these segments; however, a formal analysis and description of normal blood flow values are missing. The purpose of this study was to analyze middle cerebral artery branching patterns with transcranial color-coded duplex sonography and to establish reference flow velocity values in the detectable M2 branches as well as the early temporal M1 branch. ⋯ Transcranial color-coded duplex sonography is a useful tool for analyzing anatomic variants and branching patterns of the middle cerebral artery as well as flow characteristics of M2 segments. Therefore, it also has potential to increase the diagnostic yield for the detection of middle cerebral artery disease in these vessel segments.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparative effectiveness of infraclavicular and supraclavicular perineural catheters for ultrasound-guided through-the-catheter bolus anesthesia.
Using a through-the-needle local anesthetic bolus technique, ultrasound-guided infraclavicular perineural catheters have been shown to provide greater analgesia compared to supraclavicular catheters. A through-the-catheter bolus technique, which arguably "tests" the anesthetic efficacy of the catheter before initiating an infusion, has been validated for infraclavicular catheters but not supraclavicular catheters. This study investigated the through-the-catheter bolus technique for supraclavicular catheters and tested the hypothesis that infraclavicular catheters provide faster onset of brachial plexus anesthesia. ⋯ Both supraclavicular and infraclavicular perineural catheters using a through-the-catheter bolus technique provide effective brachial plexus anesthesia.