Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
-
Case Reports
Advantages of Cardiopulmonary Ultrasound in Post-Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Tension Pneumothorax.
Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition that frequently occurs in the setting of cardiopulmonary resuscitation as a result of positive pressure ventilation and chest compressions. Developing crepitus due to subcutaneous air can severely limit pleural ultrasound (US) views and hinder the diagnosis of pneumothorax by pleural US. Physicians trained in the use of point-of-care US must be familiar with the subcostal cardiac and inferior vena cava views associated with tension pneumothorax. These include a dilated, nondistensible inferior vena cava and hyperdynamic right heart as a result of a reduced preload.
-
To identify any anatomic barriers to local anesthetic spread between the sciatic nerve (SN) and the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (PFCN) at the level of the infragluteal crease and to describe a potential technique for an ultrasound (US)-guided subgluteal PFCN block in a cadaveric model. ⋯ The deep investing muscular fascia of the thigh appears to impede the spread of injectate between the SN and PFCN in a most unembalmed cadaver specimens. A US-guided subgluteal PFCN blockade may be a feasible technique to complement an SN block when complete anesthesia of the posterior thigh is required.
-
Most ultrasound-guided regional procedures use an in-plane approach. Out-of-plane approaches may be desirable in some situations but can be difficult because of an inability to visualize the needle until it intersects the plane of the ultrasonic beam. Here we present a novel out-of-plane needle guide, using a retreating depth stop, and compare its performance with unguided in-plane and out-of-plane techniques. ⋯ In relatively inexperienced sonographers, the retreating-stop needle guide reduced the procedure time compared with in-plane and out-of-plane techniques. No significant changes in needling accuracy were observed.
-
Observational Study
A Novel Low-Cost Ultrasound-Guided Pericardiocentesis Simulation Model: Demonstration of Feasibility.
Pericardiocentesis is a rare life-saving procedure for patients with cardiac tamponade. Due to the infrequency of this procedure, simulation models are often used for training. ⋯ The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of a limited use, low-cost ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis model as a training tool for emergency physicians. Our model proved to be a practical, easily implemented, and acceptable model for training emergency physicians, including residents and students, in ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis.
-
To retrospectively summarize the similarities and differences in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (US) findings for lymph node metastasis from adenocarcinoma, squamous carcinoma, and small cell lung cancer. ⋯ Effects of the pathologic diagnosis should be considered when analyzing quantitative parameters of metastatic lymph nodes during contrast-enhanced US examinations, even in the same organ.