Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
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Case Reports
Epipericardial Fat Necrosis: Sonographic Findings and Their Correlation With Computed Tomography.
Epipericardial fat necrosis is a rare cause of chest pain. It presents as pleuritic pain in an otherwise healthy patient. ⋯ We report 4 cases admitted to our institutional emergency department with chest pain. Among other tests, chest wall sonography was requested in these patients and showed special findings that should be evaluated with chest computed tomography.
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An anomalous origin of the left coronary artery (LCA) is a relatively uncommon congenital heart defect that can lead to myocardial ischemia and sudden cardiac death. An LCA arising from the pulmonary artery and an LCA arising from the opposite sinus of Valsalva are the common types of anomalous origins of the LCA. Echocardiographic assessment of the coronary arteries is an important component of the routine cardiovascular evaluation, but echocardiographic "pseudo images" of LCA origination can be present in some patients. Detection of an anomalous origin of the LCA remains a challenge to sonographers.
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To determine whether 3-dimensional (3D) speckle-tracking echocardiography could provide a new way to assess myocardial viability in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). ⋯ Three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography might have potential for detection of myocardial viability in patients with cardiac dysfunction due to MI.
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Sonographic evaluation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract may be difficult because of overlying intraluminal bowel gas and gas-related artifacts. However, in the absence of these factors and with the development of high-resolution scanners and the technical experience of radiologists, sonography can become a powerful tool for GI tract assessment. This pictorial essay focuses on sonographic findings of GI tract lesions compared with endoscopic, computed tomographic, and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases and postoperative complications are illustrated, and the distinctive sonographic characteristics of these entities are highlighted.
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Neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit often require considerable support with endotracheal tubes, umbilical arterial and venous catheters, and peripherally inserted central venous catheters. Support device evaluation with radiography exposes neonates to ionizing radiation. This study evaluated the effectiveness of sonographic localization for endotracheal tubes, umbilical arterial and venous catheters, and peripherally inserted central venous catheters. ⋯ The effectiveness of sonography was excellent for evaluation of umbilical arterial and venous catheters, endotracheal tubes, and peripherally inserted central venous catheters. These results support the goal of further point-of-care training and accreditation to use sonography as a primary modality for complete evaluation of NICU support devices.