Ultraschall in der Medizin : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ultraschall in der Medizin, [der] Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Ultraschall in der Medizin, [der] Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Ultraschall in Medizin und Biologie
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To evaluate the accuracy of measurements of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in children by comparing transbulbar sonography with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). ⋯ We were able to demonstrate that the ONSD values of transbulbar sonography in children correlate well with MRI if the relevant anatomic structures are depicted and the measuring points are set correctly. Based on the findings of our study, it seems necessary to define normal and cut-off values for the ONSD in children again to finally assess the clinical relevance of the ONSD as a noninvasive parameter for the evaluation of intracranial pressure.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Prospective comparison of noninvasive, bedside ultrasound methods for assessing central venous pressure.
To prospectively evaluate the accuracy of noninvasive central venous pressure (CVP) assessment by compression ultrasound of a forearm vein (CUS), inferior vena cava (IVC-C) and internal jugular vein collapsibility (IJV-C) compared to invasive CVP measurement (invCVP) as the gold standard. ⋯ The overall ability of CUS, IVC-C and IJV-C to assess invCVP was only moderate. CUS seems to be the preferable method if absolute CVP values are needed. IJV-C seems to be the fastest and most easily acquirable method, and thus may be especially valuable in emergency rooms.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Dynamic needle tip positioning - ultrasound guidance for peripheral vascular access. A randomized, controlled and blinded study in phantoms performed by ultrasound novices.
The application of ultrasound-guidance for peripheral venous access is gaining popularity. It is possible to produce a short axis or a long axis sonographic view of the target vessel and apply an out-of-plane or in-plane needle tip approach. Our aim was to present the dynamic needle tip positioning technique and to estimate which approach is the most accurate for inserting the needle tip into the center of the target vessel. ⋯ The combined short axis and out-of-plane technique using dynamic needle tip positioning had a higher success rate and a shorter distance between the center of the target vessel and the needle tip compared to the combined long axis and in-plane technique.
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Congenital valvar aortic stenosis (VAS) causes a pressure overload to the left ventricle. In the clinical setting, the severity of stenosis is graded by the pressure drop over the stenotic valve (pressure gradient). This parameter is dependent on the hemodynamic status and does not provide information regarding myocardial performance. This study was undertaken to reveal the potential of two-dimensional strain echocardiography (2DSTE) for the detection of myocardial functional changes due to congenital VAS in children. ⋯ 2DSTE detects alterations in myocardial function in children diagnosed with congenital VAS, whose conventional echocardiographic findings did not indicate ventricular systolic dysfunction.
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Comparative Study
[Ultrasound versus MRI in preventive examinations - a retrospective analysis of 833 patients].
The benefit of ultrasound in comparison with full-body MRI during a medical checkup in preventive health care was examined with regard to the detection of cardiovascular risk factors, metabolic syndrome, malignant tumors and further relevant findings. ⋯ For the detection of lifestyle-dependent diseases such as atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome, ultrasound examination was more sensitive than MRI, and the same was true for the early detection of thyroid diseases. For the detection of malignant abdominal tumors, both methods were equally sensitive. Whole-body MRI can additionally detect pathological changes in the head, lungs and colon.