Journal of hypertension
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Journal of hypertension · Aug 2010
Nitric oxide-independent stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase reduces organ damage in experimental low-renin and high-renin models.
The nitric oxide-soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)-cGMP signal transduction pathway is impaired in different cardiovascular diseases, including pulmonary hypertension, heart failure and arterial hypertension. Riociguat is a novel stimulator of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). However, little is known about the effects of sGC stimulators in experimental models of hypertension. We thus investigated the cardio-renal protective effects of riociguat in low-renin and high-renin rat models of hypertension. ⋯ We demonstrate for the first time that the novel sGC stimulator riociguat shows in two independent models of hypertension a potent protection against cardiac and renal target organ damage.
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Journal of hypertension · Jul 2010
Meta Analysis Comparative StudyInfluence of blood pressure reduction on composite cardiovascular endpoints in clinical trials.
The use of a composite cardiovascular endpoint (CCEP) is frequent in clinical trials. However, the relation between the reduction in blood pressure (BP) and the risk of CCEP is poorly known. ⋯ BP reduction is important to reduce the risk of CCEP in clinical trials. A significant difference between two treatment groups in the risk of CCEP may be anticipated for a SBP/DBP reduction differing by 4.6/2.2 mmHg or more.
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Journal of hypertension · Jun 2010
Benidipine, a dihydropyridine L-type/T-type calcium channel blocker, affords additive benefits for prevention of cardiorenal injury in hypertensive rats.
Benidipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker inhibiting not only L-type but also T-type calcium channels. To elucidate potential additive benefit of benidipine for prevention of cardiorenal injury, we compared the cardiac and renal protective effects of equihypotensive doses of benidipine and cilnidipine in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). ⋯ Benidipine exerted more protective effects against cardiorenal injury of hypertensive rats than cilnidipine, through more attenuation of oxidative stress than cilnidipine, and the reduction of aldosterone. Benidipine, via blockade of T-type calcium channels, seems to elicit additive benefits for prevention of hypertensive cardiorenal injury.
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Journal of hypertension · Jun 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Retracted PublicationSex differences in effects of valsartan administration on cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients: findings from the Jikei Heart Study.
The randomized Jikei Heart Study has demonstrated that the addition of valsartan to conventional treatments prevents more cardiovascular events in Japanese patients with hypertension. This substudy analyses the sex difference in cardiovascular disease risk reduction in the Jikei Heart Study. ⋯ The valsartan effect was significant in men and in elderly women but consistent in both sexes. A potential cardiovascular protection by valsartan therapy might be attributed to the cardiovascular risk level but not to the sex difference.
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Journal of hypertension · May 2010
ReviewManaging hypertension in obstructive sleep apnea: the interplay of continuous positive airway pressure, medication and chronotherapy.
Hypertension is highly prevalent and usually uncontrolled among patients with obstructive sleep apnea despite multiple interventions, namely lifestyle modifications, use of antihypertensive drugs and continuous positive airway pressure application. Main prognosticators of the blood pressure (BP) reduction with continuous positive airway pressure therapy are high levels of BP, severity of apnea and daytime sleepiness. ⋯ There is no clear evidence for preference for a specific type of antihypertensive drug, and selection should primarily be guided by the patient's cardiometabolic profile and associated clinical conditions. Furthermore, as hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea frequently exhibit a disturbed circadian BP pattern, chronotherapy emerges as a possible therapeutic supplement.