Journal of hypertension
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Journal of hypertension · Sep 2008
Urinary sodium and potassium excretion and risk of hypertension in Chinese: report from a community-based cohort study in Taiwan.
Dietary sodium intake is associated with blood pressure and hypertension risk. However, most of the studies have been conducted in whites and it is not clear whether the effects exist in Asian populations. ⋯ Urinary sodium excretion was associated with the risk of hypertension among ethnic Chinese. Urinary sodium excretion, as a marker of dietary sodium intake, can be useful for a comprehensive evaluation of hypertension risk in Asian populations.
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Journal of hypertension · Aug 2008
Gender-specific brachial artery blood pressure-independent relationship between pulse wave velocity and left ventricular mass index in a group of African ancestry.
As it is uncertain whether arterial stiffness is related to left ventricular mass and left ventricle mean wall thickness independent of blood pressure measured at the brachial artery, we aimed to ascertain this effect in never-treated participants with a high prevalence of risk factors for large artery dysfunction. ⋯ Arterial stiffness is associated with left ventricular mass index and left ventricle wall thickness independent of conventional or ambulatory blood pressure and additional confounders in a never-treated population sample of women, but not men, of African ancestry with prevalent risk factors for large artery dysfunction.
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Journal of hypertension · Jul 2008
Meta Analysis Comparative StudyComparison between angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers on the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke and death: a meta-analysis.
To compare the effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular mortality and total mortality. ⋯ This overview suggests that angiotensin II receptor blockers are as effective as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on the risk of myocardial infarction, cardiovascular mortality and total mortality. Angiotensin II receptor blockers may be slightly more protective than angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on the risk of stroke.
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Journal of hypertension · Jul 2008
Comparative StudyValidation of brachial artery pressure reconstruction from finger arterial pressure.
Measurement of finger artery pressure with Finapres offers noninvasive continuous blood pressure, which, however, differs from brachial artery pressure. Generalized waveform filtering and level correction may convert the finger artery pressure waveform to a brachial waveform. An upper-arm cuff return-to-flow measurement may be used to calibrate the blood pressure on an individual basis. We tested these corrective methods as implemented in the Finometer device. ⋯ Reconstruction of intrabrachial artery pressure from finger artery pressure with waveform filtering and level correction reduces the pressure differences substantially, with diastolic and mean within Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation requirements. After one supine return-to-flow calibration, all pressure differences meet the requirements. Return-to-flow calibration should not be repeated in sitting position.
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Journal of hypertension · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialSustained effect of continuous positive airway pressure on baroreflex sensitivity in congestive heart failure patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
Patients with either heart failure or obstructive sleep apnea have a reduced baroreflex sensitivity for heart rate, a sign of poor prognosis. We previously demonstrated that nocturnal application of continuous positive airway pressure to heart failure patients with obstructive sleep apnea increased baroreflex sensitivity acutely, but it is not known whether these effects persist into wakefulness. ⋯ Treatment of coexisting obstructive sleep apnea by continuous positive airway pressure in heart failure patients improves baroreflex sensitivity during wakefulness in addition to improving left ventricular ejection fraction and lowering blood pressure and heart rate. These data indicate that the improved autonomic regulation of heart rate in heart failure patients treated for obstructive sleep apnea during sleep persists into wakefulness.