Journal of hypertension
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Journal of hypertension · Aug 1997
Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors and hypertension in children and adolescents.
To establish the role played by the circulating nitric oxide synthase inhibitors N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), asymmetrical dimethyl arginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethyl arginine (SDMA) and its association with hypertension of children and adolescents. ⋯ Plasma ADMA and SDMA levels are increased in hypertensive children. By inference from in-vitro data, ADMA appears to attain sufficient concentrations to produce a significant change in vascular tone and hence might play a role in the pathophysiology of childhood hypertension.
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Journal of hypertension · Jun 1997
Arginine vasopressin inhibits interleukin-1 beta-stimulated nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate production via the V1 receptor in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells.
It has been reported that various vasoactive substance modulate cytokine stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production in many cell types. ⋯ It is suggested that AVP inhibits IL-1 beta-induced NO and cGMP production via the V1 receptor but not via the OXT receptor in VSMC. AVP can cause vascular contraction not only through direct action but also through indirect action by inhibiting NO production under some inflammatory conditions.
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Journal of hypertension · Mar 1997
Effects of central metformin administration on responses to air-jet stress and on arterial baroreflex function in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
To examine effects of intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of metformin on the responses to environmental stress and on arterial baroreflex function in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). ⋯ Central metformin administration attenuated the renal sympathoexcitatory response to environmental stress and increased the gain of the arterial baroreflex control of heart rate and RSNA. These actions may contribute to the antihypertensive effect of metformin.
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Journal of hypertension · Jan 1996
Comparative StudyVascular and cardiac overexpression of endothelin-1 gene in one-kidney, one clip Goldblatt hypertensive rats but only in the late phase of two-kidney one clip Goldblatt hypertension.
To investigate a model of experimental hypertension that exhibits severe hypertrophy of small blood vessels but in which deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) and salt are absent: the one-kidney, one clip model of Goldblatt renovascular hypertension, which is non-renin-dependent, and compare it with the renin-dependent two-kidney, one clip Goldblatt hypertensive rat, in which additionally vascular hypertrophy is less severe. ⋯ Because one-kidney, one clip hypertensive rats presented severe vascular hypertrophy whereas two-kidney, one clip hypertensive rats only did so in the late phase of hypertension, these results lend further support to there being a relationship between vascular hypertrophy and endothelin-1 vascular overexpression in experimental models of hypertension. They also demonstrate that enhancement of the expression of endothelin-1 gene in blood vessels and in the heart of hypertensive rats may occur in the absence of exposure to DOCA and salt, and that endothelin-1 gene overexpression in experimental hypertension occurs early in non-renin-dependent, volume-expanded models such as the one-kidney, one clip or the DOCA-salt hypertensive rat, but only in the progressively non-renin-dependent late phase of the initially renin-dependent volume-contracted two-kidney, one clip hypertensive rat.