World journal of urology
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While computerized tomography (CT) is the gold standard for diagnosis of ureterolithiasis, ultrasound is a less costly and radiation-free alternative which is commonly used to evaluate patients with ureteral colic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency with which patients with ureteral stones and renal colic demonstrate hydronephrosis in order to better understand the evaluation of these patients. ⋯ In patients with ureteral stones and colic, nearly 11 % do not demonstrate any hydronephrosis and a majority (nearly 71 %) will demonstrate only mild hydronephrosis. Stone diameter appears to be related to degree of hydronephrosis, whereas age, gender, and stone location are not. The lower incidence of hydronephrosis for small stones causing renal colic may explain the lower diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound when compared to CT for detecting ureteral stones.
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World journal of urology · Sep 2016
Can MRI/TRUS fusion targeted biopsy replace saturation prostate biopsy in the re-evaluation of men in active surveillance?
The detection rate for significant prostate cancer of mMRI/TRUS fusion targeted biopsy versus saturation prostate biopsy was prospectively evaluated in men enrolled in active surveillance (AS) protocol. ⋯ Although mpMRI provided high diagnostic accuracy (about 95 %) in diagnosing clinically significant PCa, mpMRI/TRUS fusion targeted biopsy cannot replace SPBx at confirmatory biopsy of men enrolled in AS protocols.
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World journal of urology · May 2016
ReviewWhat do we know about treatment sequencing of abiraterone, enzalutamide, and chemotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer?
To present a systematic review of the different therapeutic sequences in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). ⋯ No study of high level of evidence is available to support any recommendation on sequential treatment for mCRPC. There are only clues that prospective clinical studies need to confirm.
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World journal of urology · Mar 2016
ReviewAndrogen receptor aberrations in the era of abiraterone and enzalutamide.
Prostate cancer is the most prevalent non-skin cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in men of the western world. As growth and differentiation of prostate cancer largely depend on androgens, inhibition of the androgen/androgen receptor signaling axis is the main treatment for locally advanced and/or metastatic tumors. ⋯ Various molecular mechanisms were shown to induce castration resistance. This review will discuss the most recent and relevant experimental findings on AR-signaling in castration-resistant prostate cancer in order to provide a comprehensive interpretation of the clinical behavior of this tumor entity following treatments with abiraterone, enzalutamide, ARN-509 or taxanes.
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World journal of urology · Mar 2016
Autonomic dysreflexia and repeatability of cardiovascular changes during same session repeat urodynamic investigation in women with spinal cord injury.
To investigate autonomic dysreflexia (AD) and repeatability of cardiovascular changes during same session repeat urodynamic investigation (UDI) in women with spinal cord injury (SCI). ⋯ In all women with NLUTD due to suprasacral SCI, we strongly recommend continuous cardiovascular monitoring during UDI and repeat measurements considering the high incidence of AD, the relevant risks involved with sudden hypertension and the poor repeatability of cardiovascular monitoring.