Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology : the journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
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We reviewed 284 women with postcoital bleeding (PCB) seen in colposcopy and gynaecology clinics over eight years. 166 women were referred with PCB alone (group 1) and 118 with PCB and abnormal cervical cytology (group 2). The aim was to assess the validity of the Department of Health (DoH) referral guidelines for suspected cancer in women with PCB, to measure the frequency of abnormal findings in these women, and to review the management of PCB with the aim of identifying and addressing deficiencies. No pathology was identified in half of women in group one and in 17% of group two. ⋯ The management of PCB was inconsistent. Neither age nor duration of PCB was a reliable indicator for cervical cancer. A normal smear record must not be regarded as reassuring in a woman with PCB.
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The present study was undertaken at a rural medical institute in India to analyse the trends in maternal mortality due to sepsis and the factors associated with change, if any. During the study period of 20 years, a total of 37,155 women delivered, 192 deaths occurred and forty deaths (20.83%) were due to sepsis and it's sequlae. It was revealed that there is a definite decrease in the proportion of deaths due to sepsis, to 10% in the last five years from 35% in earlier years. ⋯ Septic abortion continues to exist inspite of all the current laws and discussion about the availability of a liberal law, which permits abortion almost on request. Most of the women who had died due to septic abortion were married (65%). Deaths due to septic abortion, are persisting even in married women and it is a matter of concern for health providers, policy makers and governments.
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Rescue in-vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) has been used in high response gonadotrophin intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles to minimise the risks of ovarian hyperstimulation and multiple gestation. Such unplanned IVF treatment increases the cost of treatment. But can this added cost and the risks associated with IVF be justified? We present our experience with this treatment using clinical pregnancy and live birth rates as the primary outcomes. ⋯ The clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were 52% and 48%, respectively. Rescue IVF-ET offers excellent clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in high responders. However, affordability can be an obstacle in the utilization of this treatment option.
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Comparative Study
The value of routine haemoglobin concentration measurement before caesarean section.
Women undergoing caesarean section routinely have a haemoglobin concentration check before delivery. We compared the haemoglobin concentration of 311 women taken at their 32-?34 week antenatal visit with their preoperative level. ⋯ This increase was most marked in the 201 women having emergency procedures, and there was a significant negative correlation between the 32 and 34 weeks level and the net change in haemoglobin concentration (r=-0.366 (P<0.001)). From our results we suggest that in women with an otherwise uncomplicated pregnancy, and a satisfactory haemoglobin concentration at 32-34 weeks, a repeat estimation of the blood count is unnecessary before operative delivery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of carbon dioxide and room air pneumoperitoneum for day-case diagnostic laparoscopy.
Laparoscopic examination is useful in the evaluation of infertile women. To perform this test, pneumoperitoneum is required to distend the abdomen, improve visibility and displace the intestines out of the pelvis. Several gases have been used to achieve this purpose including nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), helium, xenon and air. ⋯ Group 1 patients returned to normal activity earlier (1.5 days +/- 1.3 SD Vs. 4.8 days +/- 2.1 SD). We conclude that CO2 pneumoperitoneum has a better outcome than Air especially for day-case diagnostic laparoscopy. However, room Air pneumoperitoneum is safe, cheap, and available and may be recommended for low resource settings.