Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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The literature regarding the potential health benefits of chocolate consumption are unclear and the epidemiological credibility has not been systematically scrutinized, while the strength of the evidence is undetermined. We therefore aimed to map and grade the diverse health outcomes associated with chocolate consumption using an umbrella review of systematic reviews. ⋯ There is weak evidence to suggest that chocolate consumption may be associated with favorable health outcomes.
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The prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a primary goal in the care of preterm and low birth-weight infants. Donor-banked milk (DM)-feeding has been reported to have a protective effect towards NEC with respect to formula-feeding. All the meta-analysis published so far, have been focused on the protective effect of DM on the overall risk of NEC, none of them focused on the risk of the most severe cases on NEC only, that are those requiring surgery. We conducted a meta-analysis of available evidences on the risk of developing surgical cases of NEC in DM-fed preterm and/or low birth weight infants with respect to those formula-fed. ⋯ CRD42015020296.
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Observational Study
Determinants of skeletal muscle protein turnover following severe burn trauma in children.
Burns remain the fifth cause of non-fatal pediatric injuries globally, with muscle cachexia being a hallmark of the stress response to burns. Burn-induced muscle wasting is associated with morbidity, yet the determinants of muscle protein catabolism in response to burn trauma remains unclear. Our objective was to determine the effect of patient and injury characteristics on muscle protein kinetics in burn patients. ⋯ Data from this large patient cohort show that injury severity, sex, and time post injury influence skeletal muscle wasting in burned children. These findings suggest that individual patient characteristics should be considered when devising therapies to improve the acute care and rehabilitation of burn survivors.
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Multicenter Study
Malnutrition associated with nutrition impact symptoms and localization of the disease: Results of a multicentric research on oncological nutrition.
Malnutrition in cancer is an independent factor associated with negative clinical outcomes. The aim was to evaluate the prevalence and independent risk factors for malnutrition in hospitalized cancer patients using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). ⋯ Malnutrition is highly prevalent in cancer patients in Brazil, and is associated with nutritional impact symptoms, cancer site and age ≥65 years.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Trimodal prehabilitation for colorectal surgery attenuates post-surgical losses in lean body mass: A pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Preservation of lean body mass is an important cancer care objective. The capacity for prehabilitation interventions to modulate the lean body mass (LBM) of colorectal cancer patients before and after surgery is unknown. ⋯ NCT02586701 &NCT01356264 (clinicaltrials.gov).