Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is mostly related to increased BMI and sedentary life, even if it not directly attributable only to these or to single specific factors. Unhealthy lifestyle and obesity are the most probable causes, also in non-diabetic and without alcohol abuse patients, even if lean individuals can be involved. NAFLD treatment is currently warranted and driven by comprehensive lifestyle intervention, a valuable objective that is more often wished for than actually achieved. The aim is to re-assess the effectiveness of an intervention focused to increase the Adherence to Mediterranean Diet Score (AMDS) and the level of physical exercise, investigating the factors associated with failure and reporting the time that must elapse before such intervention becomes effective. ⋯ Adherence to Mediterranean Diet is a significant predictor of changes in the fat content of the liver in overweight patients with NAFLD. The effect of the diet is gradual and favorable and it is independent of other lifestyle changes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A single-blinded randomised clinical trial of permissive underfeeding in patients requiring parenteral nutrition.
The importance of adequate nutritional support is well established, but characterising what 'adequate nutrition' represents remains contentious. In recent years there has been increasing interest in the concept of 'permissive underfeeding' where patients are intentionally prescribed less nutrition than their calculated requirements. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of permissive underfeeding on septic and nutrition related morbidity in patients requiring short term parenteral nutrition (PN). ⋯ Permissive underfeeding in patients requiring short term PN appears to be safe and may results in reduced septic and feed-related complications.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Higher docosahexaenoic acid, lower arachidonic acid and reduced lipid tolerance with high doses of a lipid emulsion containing 15% fish oil: a randomized clinical trial.
Lipid emulsions containing fish oil, as source of long chain omega 3 fatty acids, have recently became available for parenteral nutrition in infants, but scanty data exist in extremely low birth weight preterms. The objective of this study was to compare plasma fatty acids and lipid tolerance in preterm infants receiving different doses of a 15% fish oil vs. a soybean oil based lipid emulsion. ⋯ The use of a lipid emulsion with 15% FO resulted in marked changes of plasma long-chain fatty acids. Whether the benefits of increasing Docosahexaenoic acid outweigh the potential negative effect of reduced Arachidonic acid should be further studied. MOSF patients exhibited reduced lipid tolerance at 3.5 g kg(-1) d(-1) fat intake. The trial was conducted between January 2008 and December 2012 so we had not registered it in a public trials registry as it is now required for trials that started after July 2008.
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The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a promising tool initially proposed to predict nutrition-related complications in sub-acute care setting. So, the main aim of this study was to validate the use of GNRI in hospitalized elderly patients by testing its ability to predict patients' outcome through the comparison with Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). ⋯ GNRI showed a higher prognostic value for describing and classification of nutritional status and nutritional-related complications in hospitalized elderly patients in addition to its simplicity.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of an oral nutritional supplement containing eicosapentaenoic acid on nutritional and clinical outcomes in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: randomised trial.
Nutritional interventions have shown increased energy intake but not improvement in health-related quality of life (HRQL) or prognosis in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Eicosapentaenoic acid has been proposed to have anti-inflammatory, anticachectic and antitumoural effects. ⋯ Patients with NSCLC receiving ONS-EPA significantly improves energy and protein intake, body composition. and decreased fatigue, loss of appetite and neuropathy. Registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01048970).