Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Because lipid putatively encourages contaminant growth it has been proposed that infusion of lipid-containing parenteral nutrition (PN) bags should be restricted to 24 h (48 h or longer if lipid free). This study aimed to examine this proposal by identifying factors affecting Candida albicans growth in PN. ⋯ Using a framework developed to examine growth of potential contaminants in PN, the inclusion of lipid emulsion in PN produced no specific effect on the growth of C. albicans, other than by increasing energy density. Growth was independently suppressed by increasing either glucose concentration or non-nitrogen energy density.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function after carbohydrate oral loading in hip replacement surgery: a double-blind, randomised controlled clinical trial.
Surgery initiates a series of physiological stress processes in the body, inducing transient insulin resistance. Preoperative carbohydrate treatment can reduce the latter phenomenon. We investigated the effects of carbohydrate loading on insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function after elective hip replacement. ⋯ The patients randomised to the carbohydrate oral fluid or the water prior to the surgery demonstrated a significant but similar decrease in insulin sensitivity. The carbohydrates increased the beta-cell function as a compensatory response to the disposition index, resulting in a smaller reduction in surgery-induced insulin resistance compared to the tap water. The study was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01774084).
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Comparative Study
Enteral versus parenteral nutritional support in allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.
Allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is associated with frequent and severe malnutrition, which may contribute to transplant-related morbidity. While both enteral nutrition (EN) via a nasogastric tube and parenteral nutrition (PN) are effective, it remains unclear what is the optimal method of nutritional support. ⋯ Compared with PN, EN was associated with a lower risk of infection in allo-HSCT, without an increase in the incidence of graft-versus-host disease.
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Observational Study
Comparison of nutritional status assessment parameters in predicting length of hospital stay in cancer patients.
Undernutrition has been associated with an increased length of hospital stay which may reflect the patient prognosis. The aim of this study was to quantify and compare the association between nutritional status and handgrip strength at hospital admission with time to discharge in cancer patients. ⋯ An approximate 3-fold decrease in probability of discharge alive was observed in patients with low handgrip strength. Decreasing handgrip strength tertiles allowed to discriminate between patients who will have longer hospital stay, as well as undernutrition and nutritional risk assessed by Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment and Nutritional Risk Screening 2002.