Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Preventing severe hyperglycemia with insulin reduced the neuropathological alterations in frontal cortex during critical illness. We investigated the impact of increasing glucose load under normoglycemia on neurons and glial cells. ⋯ During prolonged critical illness, increasing intravenous glucose infusion while strictly maintaining normoglycemia appeared safe for neuronal integrity and did not substantially affect glial cells in frontal cortex.
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Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy [CIPN] is a common significant and debilitating side effect resulting from the administration of neurotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. These pharmaco-chemotherapeutics can include taxanes, vinca alkaloids and others. Moderate to severe CIPN significantly decreases the quality of life and physical abilities of cancer patients and current pharmacotherapy for CIPN e.g. ⋯ Currently no agent has shown solid beneficial evidence to be recommended for the treatment or prophylaxis of CIPN. The standard of care for CIPN includes dose reduction and/or discontinuation of chemotherapy treatment. The management of CIPN remains an important challenge and future studies are warranted before recommendations for the use of supplements can be made.
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To evaluate the impact of a multifaceted nutritional educational intervention on the quality of nutritional therapy and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients. ⋯ Implementing a multifaceted nutritional educational intervention could improve the quality of nutritional therapy and may decrease intensive care unit length of stay in critically ill patients.
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Few data is available on the nutritional status of geriatric outpatients. The aim of this study is to describe the nutritional status and its clinical correlates of independently living geriatric older individuals visiting a geriatric outpatient department. ⋯ Malnutrition is highly prevalent among geriatric outpatients and is independently associated with depressive symptoms, poor functional status, and life style factors. Our results emphasize the importance of integrating nutritional assessment within a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Future longitudinal studies should be performed to examine the effects of causal relationships and multifactorial interventions.
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A variety of indirect calorimetry (IC) devices are used for gas exchange measurement and calculation of resting energy expenditure (REE) in the pediatric intensive care unit. The aim of this investigation was to compare oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide elimination (VCO2), REE and respiratory quotient (RQ) in mechanically ventilated children, obtained by 2 devices using distinct gas sampling methods. ⋯ Despite strong correlations and small mean biases for VO2, VCO2 and REE obtained by the Vmax(®) and E-COVX(®), the limits of agreement were beyond the clinically acceptable range. These devices should not be used interchangeably for gas exchange measurements in mechanically ventilated children.