Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of hypocaloric diets with different glycemic indexes on endothelial function and glycemic variability in overweight and in obese adult patients at increased cardiovascular risk.
The role of glycemic index of the diet in glucose control and cardiovascular prevention is still not clear. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of hypocaloric diets with different glycemic indexes and glycemic loads on endothelial function and glycemic variability in nondiabetic participants at increased cardiovascular risk. ⋯ ISRCTN56834511.
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Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic muscle disease caused by the absence of dystrophin. An established animal model of DMD is the mdx mouse, which is unable to express dystrophin. Inflammation, particularly the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), strongly contributes to necrosis in the dystrophin-deficient fibers of the mdx mice and in DMD. In this study we investigated whether the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) decreases TNF-α levels and protects the diaphragm muscle of mdx mice against necrosis. ⋯ NAC may be used as a complementary treatment for dystrophinopathies. However, clinical trials are needed to determine the appropriate dose for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Four-week parenteral nutrition using a third generation lipid emulsion (SMOFlipid)--a double-blind, randomised, multicentre study in adults.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and tolerance of a soybean/MCT/olive/fish oil emulsion in intestinal failure patients on long-term parenteral nutrition. 73 patients took part in a randomized, double-blind, multi-centre study. The study demonstrates that the lipid emulsion containing four different types of oils is safe and well tolerated in long-term PN. ⋯ Soybean/MCT/olive/fish emulsion was safe and well tolerated over 4 weeks and leads to positive change in fatty acids profile.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Novel multi-sugar assay for site-specific gastrointestinal permeability analysis: a randomized controlled crossover trial.
Increased gastrointestinal (GI) permeability is an important hallmark of many conditions, potentially leading to antigen exposure and sepsis. Current permeability tests are hampered by analytical limitations. This study aims to compare the accuracy of our multi-sugar (MS) and the classical dual sugar (DS) test for detection of increased GI permeability. ⋯ Sensitive permeability analysis is feasible in plasma and urine using MS or DS test. In contrast to the DS test, monosaccharide excretion is not decreased by the MS test. In short, the MS test provides accurate, site-specific information on gastroduodenal, small, and large intestinal permeability. Registered at US National Library of Medicine (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00943345).